{
 "page": "delaware-licking-and-fairfield-county-houses-by-the-numbers.html",
 "url": "https://www.openshowerco.com/delaware-licking-and-fairfield-county-houses-by-the-numbers.html",
 "title": "Delaware, Licking and Fairfield County houses, by the numbers",
 "record": "kb-wave-fourteen-inspectors-windows-coal-and-the-counties-2026-09",
 "generated": "2026-09-08",
 "how_to_read": "Every sentence on the page traces to one of these claims. status \"verified\" means two independent publishers state it; \"single\" means one named publisher, named in the page's sentence; \"conflict\" means the documents disagree and the page prints both.",
 "claims": [
  {
   "id": "C1",
   "claim": "The Census Bureau counted 8,072 housing units in Delaware County in 1940 and 81,854 in 2020, 10.1 times as many.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Population and Housing Units: 1940 to 1990",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "1990 Census of Population and Housing, Population and Housing Unit Counts, Ohio (1990 CPH-2-37), Table 3",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1990/cph-2/cph-2-37.pdf",
     "published": "undated"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "2010 Census, Population and Housing Unit Counts, Ohio (CPH-2-37), Table 4",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/2010/cph-2/cph-2-37.pdf",
     "published": "August 2012"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "2020 Census Redistricting Data (P.L. 94-171) Summary File, Ohio, geographic header (ohgeo2020.pl)",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial/2020/data/01-Redistricting_File--PL_94-171/Ohio/oh2020.pl.zip",
     "published": "2021"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C2",
   "claim": "The Census Bureau counted 19,818 housing units in Licking County in 1940 and 72,709 in 2020, 3.7 times as many.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Licking County",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "1990 Census of Population and Housing, Population and Housing Unit Counts, Ohio (1990 CPH-2-37), Table 3",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1990/cph-2/cph-2-37.pdf",
     "published": "undated"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "2010 Census, Population and Housing Unit Counts, Ohio (CPH-2-37), Table 4",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/2010/cph-2/cph-2-37.pdf",
     "published": "August 2012"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "2020 Census Redistricting Data (P.L. 94-171) Summary File, Ohio, geographic header (ohgeo2020.pl)",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial/2020/data/01-Redistricting_File--PL_94-171/Ohio/oh2020.pl.zip",
     "published": "2021"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C3",
   "claim": "The Census Bureau counted 14,572 housing units in Fairfield County in 1940 and 62,466 in 2020, 4.3 times as many.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Fairfield County",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "1990 Census of Population and Housing, Population and Housing Unit Counts, Ohio (1990 CPH-2-37), Table 3",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1990/cph-2/cph-2-37.pdf",
     "published": "undated"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "2010 Census, Population and Housing Unit Counts, Ohio (CPH-2-37), Table 4",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/2010/cph-2/cph-2-37.pdf",
     "published": "August 2012"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "2020 Census Redistricting Data (P.L. 94-171) Summary File, Ohio, geographic header (ohgeo2020.pl)",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial/2020/data/01-Redistricting_File--PL_94-171/Ohio/oh2020.pl.zip",
     "published": "2021"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C4",
   "claim": "The three counties added housing units at very different rates between 1990 and 2020: the Census Bureau's counts show Delaware County adding 57,477 units, Fairfield County 23,452 and Licking County 22,677.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Housing units",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "1990 Census of Population and Housing, Population and Housing Unit Counts, Ohio (1990 CPH-2-37), Table 3",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1990/cph-2/cph-2-37.pdf",
     "published": "undated"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "2020 Census Redistricting Data (P.L. 94-171) Summary File, Ohio, geographic header (ohgeo2020.pl)",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial/2020/data/01-Redistricting_File--PL_94-171/Ohio/oh2020.pl.zip",
     "published": "2021"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C5",
   "claim": "The Census Bureau counted 26,780 people in Delaware County in 1940 and 214,124 in 2020, 8.0 times as many.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Delaware County",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "1990 Census of Population and Housing, Population and Housing Unit Counts, Ohio (1990 CPH-2-37), Table 3",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1990/cph-2/cph-2-37.pdf",
     "published": "undated"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "2010 Census, Population and Housing Unit Counts, Ohio (CPH-2-37), Table 4",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/2010/cph-2/cph-2-37.pdf",
     "published": "August 2012"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "2020 Census Redistricting Data (P.L. 94-171) Summary File, Ohio, geographic header (ohgeo2020.pl)",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial/2020/data/01-Redistricting_File--PL_94-171/Ohio/oh2020.pl.zip",
     "published": "2021"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio Department of Development, Office of Research",
     "title": "Ohio County Profiles, 2025 Edition: Delaware County",
     "url": "https://dam.assets.ohio.gov/image/upload/development.ohio.gov/research/countytrends/2025/delaware.pdf",
     "published": "2025"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C6",
   "claim": "The Census Bureau counted 62,279 people in Licking County and 48,490 in Fairfield County in 1940, and 178,519 and 158,921 in 2020.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Licking County",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "1990 Census of Population and Housing, Population and Housing Unit Counts, Ohio (1990 CPH-2-37), Table 3",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1990/cph-2/cph-2-37.pdf",
     "published": "undated"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "2010 Census, Population and Housing Unit Counts, Ohio (CPH-2-37), Table 4",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/2010/cph-2/cph-2-37.pdf",
     "published": "August 2012"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "2020 Census Redistricting Data (P.L. 94-171) Summary File, Ohio, geographic header (ohgeo2020.pl)",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial/2020/data/01-Redistricting_File--PL_94-171/Ohio/oh2020.pl.zip",
     "published": "2021"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio Department of Development, Office of Research",
     "title": "Ohio County Profiles, 2025 Edition: Licking County",
     "url": "https://dam.assets.ohio.gov/image/upload/development.ohio.gov/research/countytrends/2025/licking.pdf",
     "published": "2025"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio Department of Development, Office of Research",
     "title": "Ohio County Profiles, 2025 Edition: Fairfield County",
     "url": "https://dam.assets.ohio.gov/image/upload/development.ohio.gov/research/countytrends/2025/fairfield.pdf",
     "published": "2025"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C7",
   "claim": "Delaware County's growth is recent: the Ohio Department of Development's census series for the county shows 27,381 people in 1880 and 26,780 sixty years later in 1940.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Total Population",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio Department of Development, Office of Research",
     "title": "Ohio County Profiles, 2025 Edition: Delaware County",
     "url": "https://dam.assets.ohio.gov/image/upload/development.ohio.gov/research/countytrends/2025/delaware.pdf",
     "published": "2025"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C8",
   "claim": "In the Ohio Department of Development's own table of population counts and estimates, Delaware County's change from 2010 to 2020 was 22.9 percent, which the table ranks first among Ohio's counties.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "TABLE 1: POPULATION COUNTS AND ESTIMATES, 2000-2024",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio Department of Development, Office of Research",
     "title": "Ohio County Indicators, Table 1: Population Counts and Estimates, 2000-2024",
     "url": "https://dam.assets.ohio.gov/image/upload/development.ohio.gov/research/indicators/Part1-CntEst.pdf",
     "published": "May 2025"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C9",
   "claim": "The same Ohio Department of Development table ranks Fairfield County fifth and Licking County sixth among Ohio's counties for population change from 2010 to 2020, at 8.7 and 7.2 percent.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "TABLE 1: POPULATION COUNTS AND ESTIMATES, 2000-2024",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio Department of Development, Office of Research",
     "title": "Ohio County Indicators, Table 1: Population Counts and Estimates, 2000-2024",
     "url": "https://dam.assets.ohio.gov/image/upload/development.ohio.gov/research/indicators/Part1-CntEst.pdf",
     "published": "May 2025"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C10",
   "claim": "In the Census Bureau's 2020 to 2024 American Community Survey five-year estimates, 61,862 of Delaware County's 86,269 housing units, about 72 percent, were built in 1990 or later.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Built 1990 to 1999",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year estimates, table B25034, Year Structure Built (acsdt5y2024-b25034.dat)",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b25034.dat",
     "published": "2025"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year table-based summary file, table shells (ACS20245YR_Table_Shells.txt)",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/documentation/ACS20245YR_Table_Shells.txt",
     "published": "2024 vintage, released 2025"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "American Community Survey and Puerto Rico Community Survey 2024 Subject Definitions",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/tech_docs/subject_definitions/2024_ACSSubjectDefinitions.pdf",
     "published": "2024 vintage, released 2025"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C11",
   "claim": "In the Census Bureau's 2020 to 2024 American Community Survey five-year estimates, 36,750 of Licking County's 73,273 housing units, about half, were built in 1979 or earlier.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Built 1939 or earlier",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year estimates, table B25034, Year Structure Built (acsdt5y2024-b25034.dat)",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b25034.dat",
     "published": "2025"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year table-based summary file, table shells (ACS20245YR_Table_Shells.txt)",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/documentation/ACS20245YR_Table_Shells.txt",
     "published": "2024 vintage, released 2025"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C12",
   "claim": "In the Census Bureau's 2020 to 2024 American Community Survey five-year estimates, 29,725 of Fairfield County's 64,036 housing units, about 46 percent, were built in 1979 or earlier.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Built 1970 to 1979",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year estimates, table B25034, Year Structure Built (acsdt5y2024-b25034.dat)",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b25034.dat",
     "published": "2025"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year table-based summary file, table shells (ACS20245YR_Table_Shells.txt)",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/documentation/ACS20245YR_Table_Shells.txt",
     "published": "2024 vintage, released 2025"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C13",
   "claim": "The Census Bureau's 2020 to 2024 American Community Survey five-year estimate of median year structure built is 2000 for Delaware County, 1984 for Fairfield County and 1980 for Licking County, against 1970 for Ohio.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Median year structure built",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year estimates, table B25035, Median Year Structure Built (acsdt5y2024-b25035.dat)",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b25035.dat",
     "published": "2025"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C14",
   "claim": "In the Census Bureau's 2020 to 2024 American Community Survey five-year estimates 11,290 of Licking County's housing units and 9,314 of Fairfield County's were built in 1939 or earlier, 15.4 percent of Licking County's stock and 14.5 percent of Fairfield County's, against 6.8 percent in Delaware County.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Built 1939 or earlier",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year estimates, table B25034, Year Structure Built (acsdt5y2024-b25034.dat)",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b25034.dat",
     "published": "2025"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year table-based summary file, table shells (ACS20245YR_Table_Shells.txt)",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/documentation/ACS20245YR_Table_Shells.txt",
     "published": "2024 vintage, released 2025"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C15",
   "claim": "The Census Bureau's 1990 census counted year structure built for the same three counties and put the median at 1971 in Delaware County, 1964 in Fairfield County and 1963 in Licking County.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "YEAR STRUCTURE BUILT",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "1990 Census of Housing, Detailed Housing Characteristics: Ohio (CH-2-37), Table 66, Structural Characteristics: 1990",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1990/ch-2/ch-2-37.pdf",
     "published": "undated"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C16",
   "claim": "The Ohio Department of Development's 2025 Edition county profiles print American Community Survey housing figures for these counties without naming the survey vintage in the document, and the figures are the 2019 to 2023 five-year estimates rather than the latest ones.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "2025 Edition",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio Department of Development, Office of Research",
     "title": "Ohio County Profiles, 2025 Edition: Delaware County",
     "url": "https://dam.assets.ohio.gov/image/upload/development.ohio.gov/research/countytrends/2025/delaware.pdf",
     "published": "2025"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio Department of Development, Office of Research",
     "title": "Ohio County Profiles, 2025 Edition: Licking County",
     "url": "https://dam.assets.ohio.gov/image/upload/development.ohio.gov/research/countytrends/2025/licking.pdf",
     "published": "2025"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio Department of Development, Office of Research",
     "title": "Ohio County Profiles, 2025 Edition: Fairfield County",
     "url": "https://dam.assets.ohio.gov/image/upload/development.ohio.gov/research/countytrends/2025/fairfield.pdf",
     "published": "2025"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "American Community Survey 2019-2023 five-year estimates, table B25034, Year Structure Built (acsdt5y2023-b25034.dat)",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2023/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2023-b25034.dat",
     "published": "2024"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C17",
   "claim": "In the Census Bureau's 2020 to 2024 American Community Survey five-year estimates, 714 of Delaware County's housing units, 1,028 of Licking County's and 712 of Fairfield County's were counted as lacking complete plumbing facilities.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Lacking complete plumbing facilities",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year estimates, table B25047, Plumbing Facilities for All Housing Units (acsdt5y2024-b25047.dat)",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b25047.dat",
     "published": "2025"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year table-based summary file, table shells (ACS20245YR_Table_Shells.txt)",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/documentation/ACS20245YR_Table_Shells.txt",
     "published": "2024 vintage, released 2025"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "American Community Survey and Puerto Rico Community Survey 2024 Subject Definitions",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/tech_docs/subject_definitions/2024_ACSSubjectDefinitions.pdf",
     "published": "2024 vintage, released 2025"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C18",
   "claim": "The same Census Bureau survey's table for occupied homes only gives much smaller numbers, 178 in Delaware County, 142 in Licking County and 131 in Fairfield County lacking complete plumbing facilities.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Plumbing Facilities for Occupied Housing Units",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year estimates, table B25048, Plumbing Facilities for Occupied Housing Units (acsdt5y2024-b25048.dat)",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b25048.dat",
     "published": "2025"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year table-based summary file, table shells (ACS20245YR_Table_Shells.txt)",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/documentation/ACS20245YR_Table_Shells.txt",
     "published": "2024 vintage, released 2025"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "American Community Survey and Puerto Rico Community Survey 2024 Subject Definitions",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/tech_docs/subject_definitions/2024_ACSSubjectDefinitions.pdf",
     "published": "2024 vintage, released 2025"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C19",
   "claim": "The Census Bureau's two plumbing tables differ because their universes differ: one counts every housing unit and the other only the ones somebody lives in, so the difference between the two counts is the vacant units.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Plumbing Facilities for All Housing Units",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year table-based summary file, table shells (ACS20245YR_Table_Shells.txt)",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/documentation/ACS20245YR_Table_Shells.txt",
     "published": "2024 vintage, released 2025"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year estimates, table B25047, Plumbing Facilities for All Housing Units (acsdt5y2024-b25047.dat)",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b25047.dat",
     "published": "2025"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year estimates, table B25048, Plumbing Facilities for Occupied Housing Units (acsdt5y2024-b25048.dat)",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b25048.dat",
     "published": "2025"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "American Community Survey and Puerto Rico Community Survey 2024 Subject Definitions",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/tech_docs/subject_definitions/2024_ACSSubjectDefinitions.pdf",
     "published": "2024 vintage, released 2025"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C20",
   "claim": "The Census Bureau's 1990 census counted 54 housing units in Delaware County, 302 in Licking County and 250 in Fairfield County as lacking complete plumbing facilities.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Lacking complete plumbing facilities",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "1990 Census of Housing, Detailed Housing Characteristics: Ohio (CH-2-37), Table 66, Structural Characteristics: 1990",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1990/ch-2/ch-2-37.pdf",
     "published": "undated"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C21",
   "claim": "The Census Bureau's 1980 census, the last one that asked, put 27,365 of Licking County's 44,576 year-round housing units, about 61 percent, at exactly one complete bathroom.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "1 complete bathroom",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "1980 Census of Housing, Volume 1, Chapter B, Detailed Housing Characteristics: Ohio (HC80-1-B37), Table 94, Equipment and Plumbing Facilities for Counties: 1980",
     "url": "https://archive.org/download/1980censusofhous80137uns/1980censusofhous80137uns_bw.pdf",
     "published": "July 1983"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C22",
   "claim": "The Census Bureau's 1980 census table put 18,692 of Fairfield County's 33,565 year-round housing units, about 56 percent, at exactly one complete bathroom, and 8,227, about a quarter, at two or more.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "2 or more complete bathrooms",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "1980 Census of Housing, Volume 1, Chapter B, Detailed Housing Characteristics: Ohio (HC80-1-B37), Table 94, Equipment and Plumbing Facilities for Counties: 1980",
     "url": "https://archive.org/download/1980censusofhous80137uns/1980censusofhous80137uns_bw.pdf",
     "published": "July 1983"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C23",
   "claim": "In the Census Bureau's 1980 count Delaware County already stood apart: 5,197 of its 18,779 year-round housing units, about 28 percent, had two or more complete bathrooms, against about 20 percent in Licking County and about 25 percent in Fairfield County.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "2 or more complete bathrooms",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "1980 Census of Housing, Volume 1, Chapter B, Detailed Housing Characteristics: Ohio (HC80-1-B37), Table 94, Equipment and Plumbing Facilities for Counties: 1980",
     "url": "https://archive.org/download/1980censusofhous80137uns/1980censusofhous80137uns_bw.pdf",
     "published": "July 1983"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C24",
   "claim": "The Census Bureau's 1980 bathroom table counts a smaller thing than the census housing unit count of the same year: its universe is year-round housing units, so Fairfield County's 33,565 there sits below the 33,883 housing units the same census counted.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "all occupied units plus vacant units available or intended for year-round use",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "1980 Census of Housing, Volume 1, Chapter B, Detailed Housing Characteristics: Ohio (HC80-1-B37), Table 94, Equipment and Plumbing Facilities for Counties: 1980",
     "url": "https://archive.org/download/1980censusofhous80137uns/1980censusofhous80137uns_bw.pdf",
     "published": "July 1983"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "2010 Census, Population and Housing Unit Counts, Ohio (CPH-2-37), Table 4",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/2010/cph-2/cph-2-37.pdf",
     "published": "August 2012"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C25",
   "claim": "In the Census Bureau's 2020 to 2024 American Community Survey five-year estimates, 55,636 of Delaware County's 82,287 occupied housing units, about 68 percent, were heated with utility gas and 20,023, about a quarter, with electricity.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Utility gas",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year estimates, table B25040, House Heating Fuel (acsdt5y2024-b25040.dat)",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b25040.dat",
     "published": "2025"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year table-based summary file, table shells (ACS20245YR_Table_Shells.txt)",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/documentation/ACS20245YR_Table_Shells.txt",
     "published": "2024 vintage, released 2025"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C26",
   "claim": "In the Census Bureau's 2020 to 2024 American Community Survey five-year estimates 44,874 of Licking County's 68,620 occupied housing units, about 65 percent, were heated with utility gas, and 36,110 of Fairfield County's 60,357, about 60 percent.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "House Heating Fuel",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year estimates, table B25040, House Heating Fuel (acsdt5y2024-b25040.dat)",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b25040.dat",
     "published": "2025"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year table-based summary file, table shells (ACS20245YR_Table_Shells.txt)",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/documentation/ACS20245YR_Table_Shells.txt",
     "published": "2024 vintage, released 2025"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C27",
   "claim": "Bottled or tank gas heats a far larger share of homes in these three counties than in Franklin County: in the Census Bureau's 2020 to 2024 American Community Survey five-year estimates 8.4 percent of Licking County's occupied homes, 7.5 percent of Fairfield County's and 5.8 percent of Delaware County's, against 1.5 percent in Franklin County.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Bottled or tank gas (propane, butane, etc.)",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year estimates, table B25040, House Heating Fuel (acsdt5y2024-b25040.dat)",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b25040.dat",
     "published": "2025"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year table-based summary file, table shells (ACS20245YR_Table_Shells.txt)",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/documentation/ACS20245YR_Table_Shells.txt",
     "published": "2024 vintage, released 2025"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C28",
   "claim": "Coal has all but vanished from the survey: in the Census Bureau's 2020 to 2024 American Community Survey five-year estimates the coal or coke line reads zero occupied homes in Delaware and Fairfield counties and one in Licking County.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Coal or coke",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year estimates, table B25040, House Heating Fuel (acsdt5y2024-b25040.dat)",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b25040.dat",
     "published": "2025"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year table-based summary file, table shells (ACS20245YR_Table_Shells.txt)",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/documentation/ACS20245YR_Table_Shells.txt",
     "published": "2024 vintage, released 2025"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C29",
   "claim": "In the Census Bureau's 2020 to 2024 American Community Survey five-year estimates, one-unit detached houses were 78.7 percent of Fairfield County's housing units, 76.0 percent of Licking County's and 74.3 percent of Delaware County's, against 52.0 percent in Franklin County.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "1, detached",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year estimates, table B25024, Units in Structure (acsdt5y2024-b25024.dat)",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b25024.dat",
     "published": "2025"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year table-based summary file, table shells (ACS20245YR_Table_Shells.txt)",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/documentation/ACS20245YR_Table_Shells.txt",
     "published": "2024 vintage, released 2025"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C30",
   "claim": "The Census Bureau's units-in-structure table at the 2020 to 2024 five-year vintage counts 3,502 mobile homes in Licking County, 4.8 percent of its housing units, against 1,695 in Delaware County and 1,333 in Fairfield County.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Mobile home",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year estimates, table B25024, Units in Structure (acsdt5y2024-b25024.dat)",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b25024.dat",
     "published": "2025"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year table-based summary file, table shells (ACS20245YR_Table_Shells.txt)",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/documentation/ACS20245YR_Table_Shells.txt",
     "published": "2024 vintage, released 2025"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C31",
   "claim": "In the Census Bureau's 2020 to 2024 American Community Survey five-year tenure table, 78.5 percent of occupied homes in Delaware County, 74.9 percent in Fairfield County and 73.7 percent in Licking County were owner occupied, against 52.8 percent in Franklin County.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Owner occupied",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year estimates, table B25003, Tenure (acsdt5y2024-b25003.dat)",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b25003.dat",
     "published": "2025"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year table-based summary file, table shells (ACS20245YR_Table_Shells.txt)",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/documentation/ACS20245YR_Table_Shells.txt",
     "published": "2024 vintage, released 2025"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C32",
   "claim": "Delaware County's houses carry more bedrooms than its neighbors': in the Census Bureau's 2020 to 2024 American Community Survey five-year estimates 36,814 of its 86,269 housing units, about 43 percent, had four or more bedrooms, against about 30 percent in Fairfield County and about 26 percent in Licking County.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "5 or more bedrooms",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year estimates, table B25041, Bedrooms (acsdt5y2024-b25041.dat)",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b25041.dat",
     "published": "2025"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year table-based summary file, table shells (ACS20245YR_Table_Shells.txt)",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/documentation/ACS20245YR_Table_Shells.txt",
     "published": "2024 vintage, released 2025"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C33",
   "claim": "In the Census Bureau's 2020 to 2024 American Community Survey five-year room count, 26,943 of Delaware County's housing units, about 31 percent, had nine or more rooms, against about 20 percent in Fairfield County and 17 percent in Licking County.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "9 or more rooms",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year estimates, table B25017, Rooms (acsdt5y2024-b25017.dat)",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b25017.dat",
     "published": "2025"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year table-based summary file, table shells (ACS20245YR_Table_Shells.txt)",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/documentation/ACS20245YR_Table_Shells.txt",
     "published": "2024 vintage, released 2025"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "American Community Survey and Puerto Rico Community Survey 2024 Subject Definitions",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/tech_docs/subject_definitions/2024_ACSSubjectDefinitions.pdf",
     "published": "2024 vintage, released 2025"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C34",
   "claim": "In the Census Bureau's Building Permits Survey, Delaware County places authorized 1,979 one-unit buildings in 2024 and 852 in 2015, and never fewer than 1,144 in any year since 2016.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "new privately-owned residential construction",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "Building Permits Survey, county annual data files 2015 to 2024 (co2015a.txt to co2024a.txt)",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/econ/bps/County/co2024a.txt",
     "published": "2025"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "Building Permits Survey program page",
     "url": "https://www.census.gov/construction/bps/",
     "published": "undated"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "Residential Building Permits Survey Documentation: County ASCII Files",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/econ/bps/Documentation/cntyasc.pdf",
     "published": "February 9, 2022"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C35",
   "claim": "In the Census Bureau's Building Permits Survey, Licking County places authorized fewer one-unit buildings in each year after 2021: 361 in 2021, 268 in 2022, 174 in 2023 and 156 in 2024.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "1-unit",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "Building Permits Survey, county annual data files 2015 to 2024 (co2015a.txt to co2024a.txt)",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/econ/bps/County/co2024a.txt",
     "published": "2025"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "Building Permits Survey program page",
     "url": "https://www.census.gov/construction/bps/",
     "published": "undated"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "Residential Building Permits Survey Documentation: County ASCII Files",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/econ/bps/Documentation/cntyasc.pdf",
     "published": "February 9, 2022"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C36",
   "claim": "The Census Bureau's Building Permits Survey figure for Fairfield County has to be read with care: of the 452 one-unit buildings it reports for 2024, only 196 were reported by permit-issuing places and the rest were imputed.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "1-unit rep",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "Building Permits Survey, county annual data files 2015 to 2024 (co2015a.txt to co2024a.txt)",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/econ/bps/County/co2024a.txt",
     "published": "2025"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "Building Permits Survey program page",
     "url": "https://www.census.gov/construction/bps/",
     "published": "undated"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "Residential Building Permits Survey Documentation: County ASCII Files",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/econ/bps/Documentation/cntyasc.pdf",
     "published": "February 9, 2022"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C37",
   "claim": "The Building Permits Survey counts a permit, not a house: the Census Bureau describes it as statistics on new privately-owned residential construction, and its county totals cover only the places that issue permits.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "new privately-owned residential construction",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "Building Permits Survey program page",
     "url": "https://www.census.gov/construction/bps/",
     "published": "undated"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "Building Permits Survey, county annual data files 2015 to 2024 (co2015a.txt to co2024a.txt)",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/econ/bps/County/co2024a.txt",
     "published": "2025"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "Residential Building Permits Survey Documentation: County ASCII Files",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/econ/bps/Documentation/cntyasc.pdf",
     "published": "February 9, 2022"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C38",
   "claim": "The Ohio Department of Development records Fairfield County as established by proclamation on December 9, 1800, Delaware County by act on February 10, 1808 and Licking County by act on March 1, 1808.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Proclamation - December 9, 1800",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio Department of Development, Office of Research",
     "title": "Ohio County Profiles, 2025 Edition: Delaware County",
     "url": "https://dam.assets.ohio.gov/image/upload/development.ohio.gov/research/countytrends/2025/delaware.pdf",
     "published": "2025"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio Department of Development, Office of Research",
     "title": "Ohio County Profiles, 2025 Edition: Licking County",
     "url": "https://dam.assets.ohio.gov/image/upload/development.ohio.gov/research/countytrends/2025/licking.pdf",
     "published": "2025"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio Department of Development, Office of Research",
     "title": "Ohio County Profiles, 2025 Edition: Fairfield County",
     "url": "https://dam.assets.ohio.gov/image/upload/development.ohio.gov/research/countytrends/2025/fairfield.pdf",
     "published": "2025"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C39",
   "claim": "The Ohio Department of Development gives the land area as 686.5 square miles for Licking County, 505.7 for Fairfield County and 442.5 for Delaware County.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "686.5 square miles",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio Department of Development, Office of Research",
     "title": "Ohio County Profiles, 2025 Edition: Delaware County",
     "url": "https://dam.assets.ohio.gov/image/upload/development.ohio.gov/research/countytrends/2025/delaware.pdf",
     "published": "2025"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio Department of Development, Office of Research",
     "title": "Ohio County Profiles, 2025 Edition: Licking County",
     "url": "https://dam.assets.ohio.gov/image/upload/development.ohio.gov/research/countytrends/2025/licking.pdf",
     "published": "2025"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio Department of Development, Office of Research",
     "title": "Ohio County Profiles, 2025 Edition: Fairfield County",
     "url": "https://dam.assets.ohio.gov/image/upload/development.ohio.gov/research/countytrends/2025/fairfield.pdf",
     "published": "2025"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C40",
   "claim": "The Ohio Department of Development's July 1, 2024 population estimates for the three counties are 237,966 for Delaware, 184,898 for Licking and 167,762 for Fairfield.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "237,966",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio Department of Development, Office of Research",
     "title": "Ohio County Profiles, 2025 Edition: Delaware County",
     "url": "https://dam.assets.ohio.gov/image/upload/development.ohio.gov/research/countytrends/2025/delaware.pdf",
     "published": "2025"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio Department of Development, Office of Research",
     "title": "Ohio County Profiles, 2025 Edition: Licking County",
     "url": "https://dam.assets.ohio.gov/image/upload/development.ohio.gov/research/countytrends/2025/licking.pdf",
     "published": "2025"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio Department of Development, Office of Research",
     "title": "Ohio County Profiles, 2025 Edition: Fairfield County",
     "url": "https://dam.assets.ohio.gov/image/upload/development.ohio.gov/research/countytrends/2025/fairfield.pdf",
     "published": "2025"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio Department of Development, Office of Research",
     "title": "Ohio County Indicators, Table 1: Population Counts and Estimates, 2000-2024",
     "url": "https://dam.assets.ohio.gov/image/upload/development.ohio.gov/research/indicators/Part1-CntEst.pdf",
     "published": "May 2025"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C41",
   "claim": "The 2020 population figures in the Ohio Department of Development's own table are not identical to the 2020 census counts, because the table's note says many 2020 figures have been revised.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "many 2020 figures have been revised in the wake of the pandemic",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio Department of Development, Office of Research",
     "title": "Ohio County Indicators, Table 1: Population Counts and Estimates, 2000-2024",
     "url": "https://dam.assets.ohio.gov/image/upload/development.ohio.gov/research/indicators/Part1-CntEst.pdf",
     "published": "May 2025"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "2020 Census Redistricting Data (P.L. 94-171) Summary File, Ohio, geographic header (ohgeo2020.pl)",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial/2020/data/01-Redistricting_File--PL_94-171/Ohio/oh2020.pl.zip",
     "published": "2021"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C42",
   "claim": "The Census Bureau's own housing figures for these counties come from two different kinds of measurement: a complete count taken every ten years and a rolling five-year survey with a margin of error on every line.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Built 2020 or later",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year table-based summary file, table shells (ACS20245YR_Table_Shells.txt)",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/documentation/ACS20245YR_Table_Shells.txt",
     "published": "2024 vintage, released 2025"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "2020 Census Redistricting Data (P.L. 94-171) Summary File, Ohio, geographic header (ohgeo2020.pl)",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial/2020/data/01-Redistricting_File--PL_94-171/Ohio/oh2020.pl.zip",
     "published": "2021"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
     "title": "American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year estimates, table B25034, Year Structure Built (acsdt5y2024-b25034.dat)",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b25034.dat",
     "published": "2025"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C43",
   "claim": "Which department enforces the residential code differs across the three counties: the Ohio Board of Building Standards' certification list carries Delaware County and Licking County but not Fairfield County, whose own building department says it does not regulate one-, two- and three-family structures.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Residential Building Department Certification List",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio Board of Building Standards, Ohio Department of Commerce",
     "title": "Residential Building Department Certification List",
     "url": "https://com.ohio.gov/wps/wcm/connect/gov/61a8e259-f536-4d2e-a30e-02e492f4cc91/bbst_ResidentialBuildingDepartmentList.pdf?MOD=AJPERES",
     "published": "pages stamped 8/16/2023"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C44",
   "claim": "Each of the three counties keeps its own auditor's real property record, and the three are published on three different hosts under three different arrangements.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Delaware County Auditor",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Delaware County Auditor",
     "title": "Delaware County Auditor",
     "url": "https://auditor.co.delaware.oh.us/",
     "published": "undated"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "Licking County",
     "title": "Licking County - Home (lcounty.com, redirecting to lickingcounty.gov)",
     "url": "https://www.lcounty.com/",
     "published": "undated"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "Fairfield County Auditor",
     "title": "Fairfield County Auditor",
     "url": "https://www.co.fairfield.oh.us/auditor/",
     "published": "undated"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C45",
   "claim": "The Ohio Board of Building Standards' certification list also carries municipal residential building departments at Lancaster, the Fairfield County seat, and at Pickerington and Baltimore, so a place inside Fairfield County can have a certified residential department of its own even though the county does not.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Residential Building Department Certification List",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio Board of Building Standards, Ohio Department of Commerce",
     "title": "Residential Building Department Certification List",
     "url": "https://com.ohio.gov/wps/wcm/connect/gov/61a8e259-f536-4d2e-a30e-02e492f4cc91/bbst_ResidentialBuildingDepartmentList.pdf?MOD=AJPERES",
     "published": "pages stamped 8/16/2023"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio Department of Development, Office of Research",
     "title": "Ohio County Profiles, 2025 Edition: Fairfield County",
     "url": "https://dam.assets.ohio.gov/image/upload/development.ohio.gov/research/countytrends/2025/fairfield.pdf",
     "published": "2025"
    }
   ]
  }
 ],
 "conflicts": [
  {
   "claim_id": "C3",
   "a": "Fairfield County had 39,014 housing units and 103,461 people at the 1990 census",
   "a_source": "S02, 1990 CPH-2-37 Table 3",
   "b": "Fairfield County had 39,018 housing units and 103,472 people at the 1990 census",
   "b_source": "S03, 2010 CPH-2-37 Table 4",
   "printed": "print A, because it is the volume that published that census, and say in a note that the Bureau's later volume prints four more units and eleven more people for the same count. Both are the Census Bureau, so this is one publisher revising itself, not two publishers disagreeing."
  },
  {
   "claim_id": "C6",
   "a": "Fairfield County had 63,951 people in 1960",
   "a_source": "S02, 1990 CPH-2-37 Table 3",
   "b": "Fairfield County had 63,912 people in 1960",
   "b_source": "S07c, Ohio County Profiles 2025 Edition, Fairfield County",
   "printed": "print A because it is the Census Bureau's own volume and the state profile is a republication of Bureau counts; note the difference of 39 people if the page prints the 1960 figure at all."
  },
  {
   "claim_id": "C6",
   "a": "Licking County 145,491 and Fairfield County 122,759 at the 2000 census",
   "a_source": "S07b and S07c, the state profiles, matching the counts as first published",
   "b": "Licking County 145,621 and Fairfield County 122,881 at the 2000 census, both flagged r for revised",
   "b_source": "S03, 2010 CPH-2-37 Table 4",
   "printed": "print both is wrong here; print the revised figure with the word revised, or leave 2000 out of the printed series. The 2010 volume's r flag is the Bureau saying it corrected the 2000 count, so the two numbers are the same census before and after correction."
  },
  {
   "claim_id": "C41",
   "a": "Delaware 214,124, Licking 178,519, Fairfield 158,921, Ohio 11,799,448 in 2020",
   "a_source": "S04, 2020 Census P.L. 94-171 file, POP100",
   "b": "Delaware 214,123, Licking 178,517, Fairfield 158,920, Ohio 11,799,453 in 2020",
   "b_source": "S08, Ohio County Indicators Table 1",
   "printed": "print A as the 2020 census count. The state table's own note says many 2020 figures have been revised, so its column is a revised base rather than the count; the page prints one or the other and names which."
  },
  {
   "claim_id": "C10",
   "a": "19.7 percent of Delaware County housing built in 1979 or earlier, 50.2 percent in Licking, 46.4 percent in Fairfield",
   "a_source": "S12, table B25034 at the 2020-2024 five-year vintage",
   "b": "21.0 percent in Delaware, 52.5 percent in Licking, 47.3 percent in Fairfield",
   "b_source": "the site's own lead-paint page, claim C43 of the wave-seven sheet, at an earlier five-year vintage",
   "printed": "not a conflict but a vintage difference; print neither figure without naming its vintage in the sentence. The writer should decide whether to restate the older page's figures or link it."
  },
  {
   "claim_id": "C34",
   "a": "Delaware County places authorized 1,770 one-unit buildings in 2022",
   "a_source": "S22, Building Permits Survey county annual file co2022a.txt (the December 2022 year-to-date file reads 1,792)",
   "b": "1,809 one-unit buildings in Delaware County in 2022",
   "b_source": "S07a, Ohio County Profiles 2025 Edition, Delaware County, construction table",
   "printed": "print A, the survey's own county file, because the state profile does not say which file or vintage its construction row came from. The profile's 2024, 2023, 2021 and 2020 figures match the survey's county files exactly and only 2022 does not, so the profile's table is this survey read at some other moment. The page should not print a 2022 authorization figure for Delaware County at all."
  },
  {
   "claim_id": "C41",
   "a": "Delaware 109,989, Licking 145,621 and Fairfield 122,881 at the 2000 census, the last two flagged r for revised",
   "a_source": "S03, 2010 CPH-2-37 Table 4",
   "b": "Delaware 109,974, Licking 145,699 and Fairfield 122,943 for 2000",
   "b_source": "S08, Ohio County Indicators Table 1, whose note says 2000 and 2010 figures include corrected counts",
   "printed": "print neither as a 2000 census count without naming the document it came from. Three publications give three different 2000 figures for each of these counties: the count as first published, which the state county profiles print; the Bureau's revised count in its 2010 volume; and a third figure in the state's own indicators table. The page's decennial series should come from the Bureau's volumes alone."
  }
 ],
 "sources": [
  {
   "id": "S01",
   "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
   "title": "American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year table-based summary file, table shells (ACS20245YR_Table_Shells.txt)",
   "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/documentation/ACS20245YR_Table_Shells.txt",
   "published": "2024 vintage, released 2025"
  },
  {
   "id": "S02",
   "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
   "title": "1990 Census of Population and Housing, Population and Housing Unit Counts, Ohio (1990 CPH-2-37), Table 3",
   "url": "https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1990/cph-2/cph-2-37.pdf",
   "published": "undated"
  },
  {
   "id": "S03",
   "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
   "title": "2010 Census, Population and Housing Unit Counts, Ohio (CPH-2-37), Table 4",
   "url": "https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/2010/cph-2/cph-2-37.pdf",
   "published": "August 2012"
  },
  {
   "id": "S04",
   "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
   "title": "2020 Census Redistricting Data (P.L. 94-171) Summary File, Ohio, geographic header (ohgeo2020.pl)",
   "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial/2020/data/01-Redistricting_File--PL_94-171/Ohio/oh2020.pl.zip",
   "published": "2021"
  },
  {
   "id": "S05",
   "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
   "title": "1980 Census of Housing, Volume 1, Chapter B, Detailed Housing Characteristics: Ohio (HC80-1-B37), Table 94, Equipment and Plumbing Facilities for Counties: 1980",
   "url": "https://archive.org/download/1980censusofhous80137uns/1980censusofhous80137uns_bw.pdf",
   "published": "July 1983"
  },
  {
   "id": "S06",
   "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
   "title": "1990 Census of Housing, Detailed Housing Characteristics: Ohio (CH-2-37), Table 66, Structural Characteristics: 1990",
   "url": "https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1990/ch-2/ch-2-37.pdf",
   "published": "undated"
  },
  {
   "id": "S07a",
   "publisher": "Ohio Department of Development, Office of Research",
   "title": "Ohio County Profiles, 2025 Edition: Delaware County",
   "url": "https://dam.assets.ohio.gov/image/upload/development.ohio.gov/research/countytrends/2025/delaware.pdf",
   "published": "2025"
  },
  {
   "id": "S07b",
   "publisher": "Ohio Department of Development, Office of Research",
   "title": "Ohio County Profiles, 2025 Edition: Licking County",
   "url": "https://dam.assets.ohio.gov/image/upload/development.ohio.gov/research/countytrends/2025/licking.pdf",
   "published": "2025"
  },
  {
   "id": "S07c",
   "publisher": "Ohio Department of Development, Office of Research",
   "title": "Ohio County Profiles, 2025 Edition: Fairfield County",
   "url": "https://dam.assets.ohio.gov/image/upload/development.ohio.gov/research/countytrends/2025/fairfield.pdf",
   "published": "2025"
  },
  {
   "id": "S08",
   "publisher": "Ohio Department of Development, Office of Research",
   "title": "Ohio County Indicators, Table 1: Population Counts and Estimates, 2000-2024",
   "url": "https://dam.assets.ohio.gov/image/upload/development.ohio.gov/research/indicators/Part1-CntEst.pdf",
   "published": "May 2025"
  },
  {
   "id": "S12",
   "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
   "title": "American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year estimates, table B25034, Year Structure Built (acsdt5y2024-b25034.dat)",
   "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b25034.dat",
   "published": "2025"
  },
  {
   "id": "S13",
   "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
   "title": "American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year estimates, table B25035, Median Year Structure Built (acsdt5y2024-b25035.dat)",
   "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b25035.dat",
   "published": "2025"
  },
  {
   "id": "S14",
   "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
   "title": "American Community Survey 2019-2023 five-year estimates, table B25034, Year Structure Built (acsdt5y2023-b25034.dat)",
   "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2023/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2023-b25034.dat",
   "published": "2024"
  },
  {
   "id": "S15",
   "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
   "title": "American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year estimates, table B25047, Plumbing Facilities for All Housing Units (acsdt5y2024-b25047.dat)",
   "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b25047.dat",
   "published": "2025"
  },
  {
   "id": "S16",
   "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
   "title": "American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year estimates, table B25048, Plumbing Facilities for Occupied Housing Units (acsdt5y2024-b25048.dat)",
   "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b25048.dat",
   "published": "2025"
  },
  {
   "id": "S17",
   "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
   "title": "American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year estimates, table B25040, House Heating Fuel (acsdt5y2024-b25040.dat)",
   "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b25040.dat",
   "published": "2025"
  },
  {
   "id": "S18",
   "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
   "title": "American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year estimates, table B25024, Units in Structure (acsdt5y2024-b25024.dat)",
   "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b25024.dat",
   "published": "2025"
  },
  {
   "id": "S19",
   "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
   "title": "American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year estimates, table B25003, Tenure (acsdt5y2024-b25003.dat)",
   "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b25003.dat",
   "published": "2025"
  },
  {
   "id": "S20",
   "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
   "title": "American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year estimates, table B25041, Bedrooms (acsdt5y2024-b25041.dat)",
   "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b25041.dat",
   "published": "2025"
  },
  {
   "id": "S21",
   "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
   "title": "American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year estimates, table B25017, Rooms (acsdt5y2024-b25017.dat)",
   "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/summary_file/2024/table-based-SF/data/5YRData/acsdt5y2024-b25017.dat",
   "published": "2025"
  },
  {
   "id": "S22",
   "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
   "title": "Building Permits Survey, county annual data files 2015 to 2024 (co2015a.txt to co2024a.txt)",
   "url": "https://www2.census.gov/econ/bps/County/co2024a.txt",
   "published": "2025"
  },
  {
   "id": "S23",
   "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
   "title": "Building Permits Survey program page",
   "url": "https://www.census.gov/construction/bps/",
   "published": "undated"
  },
  {
   "id": "S24",
   "publisher": "Ohio Board of Building Standards, Ohio Department of Commerce",
   "title": "Residential Building Department Certification List",
   "url": "https://com.ohio.gov/wps/wcm/connect/gov/61a8e259-f536-4d2e-a30e-02e492f4cc91/bbst_ResidentialBuildingDepartmentList.pdf?MOD=AJPERES",
   "published": "pages stamped 8/16/2023"
  },
  {
   "id": "S25",
   "publisher": "Delaware County Auditor",
   "title": "Delaware County Auditor",
   "url": "https://auditor.co.delaware.oh.us/",
   "published": "undated"
  },
  {
   "id": "S26",
   "publisher": "Licking County",
   "title": "Licking County - Home (lcounty.com, redirecting to lickingcounty.gov)",
   "url": "https://www.lcounty.com/",
   "published": "undated"
  },
  {
   "id": "S27",
   "publisher": "Fairfield County Auditor",
   "title": "Fairfield County Auditor",
   "url": "https://www.co.fairfield.oh.us/auditor/",
   "published": "undated"
  },
  {
   "id": "S28",
   "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
   "title": "American Community Survey and Puerto Rico Community Survey 2024 Subject Definitions",
   "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/acs/tech_docs/subject_definitions/2024_ACSSubjectDefinitions.pdf",
   "published": "2024 vintage, released 2025"
  },
  {
   "id": "S29",
   "publisher": "US Census Bureau",
   "title": "Residential Building Permits Survey Documentation: County ASCII Files",
   "url": "https://www2.census.gov/econ/bps/Documentation/cntyasc.pdf",
   "published": "February 9, 2022"
  }
 ]
}