{
 "page": "dublin-ohio-water-sewers-and-bathrooms-history.html",
 "url": "https://www.openshowerco.com/dublin-ohio-water-sewers-and-bathrooms-history.html",
 "title": "Dublin, Ohio: the rock under the village, and the town that grew after 1970",
 "record": "kb-wave-eleven-2026-09",
 "generated": "2026-09-08",
 "how_to_read": "Every sentence on the page traces to one of these claims. status \"verified\" means two independent publishers state it; \"single\" means one named publisher, named in the page's sentence; \"conflict\" means the documents disagree and the page prints both.",
 "claims": [
  {
   "id": "C1",
   "claim": "The City of Dublin says John Sells platted part of his land to establish a village in 1810 and asked John Shields, the surveyor who platted the site, to name it; Shields named it Dublin after his home in Dublin, Ireland, in place of the name the place had carried until then, Sells Settlement.",
   "status": "verified",
   "quote": "Shields called it Dublin for his home in Ireland.",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "City of Dublin, Ohio",
     "title": "History",
     "url": "https://dublinohiousa.gov/history/",
     "published": "undated"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "Dublin Historical Society",
     "title": "Timeline of Dublin, Ohio",
     "url": "https://dublinohiohistory.org/history/timeline/",
     "published": "undated"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "Dublin Historical Society",
     "title": "Did You Know?",
     "url": "https://dublinohiohistory.org/history/did-you-know-faq/",
     "published": "undated"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C2",
   "claim": "Two older Franklin County histories put the laying out of the village eight years later: the 1880 county history says the village of Dublin was laid out by John Sells in 1818, and the 1920 Columbus history lists Dublin among villages founded in 1818.",
   "status": "conflict",
   "quote": "The village of Dublin was laid out by John Sells in 1818",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Williams Brothers",
     "title": "History of Franklin and Pickaway Counties, Ohio, Washington Township chapter",
     "url": "https://archive.org/download/historyoffrankli0000vari/historyoffrankli0000vari_djvu.txt",
     "published": "1880"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "Osman Castle Hooper",
     "title": "History of the City of Columbus, Ohio",
     "url": "https://archive.org/download/historyofcityofc00hoop/historyofcityofc00hoop_djvu.txt",
     "published": "1920"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C3",
   "claim": "Peter and Benjamin Sells bought four hundred acres where Dublin now stands for their brother John, on land the Commonwealth of Virginia had granted to Lieutenant James Holt for Revolutionary War service in the Virginia Military District.",
   "status": "verified",
   "quote": "purchased four hundred acres of land, where the town of Dublin now stands",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Williams Brothers",
     "title": "History of Franklin and Pickaway Counties, Ohio, Washington Township chapter",
     "url": "https://archive.org/download/historyoffrankli0000vari/historyoffrankli0000vari_djvu.txt",
     "published": "1880"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "Dublin Historical Society",
     "title": "Timeline of Dublin, Ohio",
     "url": "https://dublinohiohistory.org/history/timeline/",
     "published": "undated"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "City of Dublin, Ohio",
     "title": "History",
     "url": "https://dublinohiousa.gov/history/",
     "published": "undated"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C4",
   "claim": "The Dublin Historical Society says the Sells family settled at this bend of the Scioto partly because clean drinking water was plentiful, supplied by at least seven natural springs.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Clean drinking water was plentiful, supplied by at least seven natural springs.",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Dublin Historical Society",
     "title": "Did You Know?",
     "url": "https://dublinohiohistory.org/history/did-you-know-faq/",
     "published": "undated"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "Williams Brothers",
     "title": "History of Franklin and Pickaway Counties, Ohio, Washington Township chapter",
     "url": "https://archive.org/download/historyoffrankli0000vari/historyoffrankli0000vari_djvu.txt",
     "published": "1880"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C5",
   "claim": "Dublin was incorporated as a village in 1855 with Zenas Hutchinson elected mayor, gave the arrangement up after about a year, and was incorporated again in 1881, which the Dublin Historical Society says required a population of 400 and the signatures of 82 registered voters.",
   "status": "verified",
   "quote": "In 1855 the village was incorporated, and the following officers elected",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Williams Brothers",
     "title": "History of Franklin and Pickaway Counties, Ohio, Washington Township chapter",
     "url": "https://archive.org/download/historyoffrankli0000vari/historyoffrankli0000vari_djvu.txt",
     "published": "1880"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "Dublin Historical Society",
     "title": "Timeline of Dublin, Ohio",
     "url": "https://dublinohiohistory.org/history/timeline/",
     "published": "undated"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "Dublin City Schools",
     "title": "Our Dublin History, Dublin Timeline",
     "url": "https://sites.google.com/dublinschools.net/dublinhistory/timelines/dublin-timeline",
     "published": "undated"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C6",
   "claim": "In its report to the Ohio State Board of Health for 1898 the village of Dublin said it had no sewerage at all.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Our village has no sewerage at all.",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio State Board of Health",
     "title": "Annual Report of the State Board of Health of Ohio, 1898, village reports",
     "url": "https://archive.org/download/annualreportofst1898ohio/annualreportofst1898ohio_djvu.txt",
     "published": "1898"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C7",
   "claim": "The same 1898 report gave the reason: the rock lies so close to the surface at Dublin that the village had never had sewers.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "The rock is so close to the surface we never have had sewers.",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio State Board of Health",
     "title": "Annual Report of the State Board of Health of Ohio, 1898, village reports",
     "url": "https://archive.org/download/annualreportofst1898ohio/annualreportofst1898ohio_djvu.txt",
     "published": "1898"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio State Board of Health",
     "title": "Annual Report of the State Board of Health of Ohio, 1911, investigation of pollution of the Scioto above Columbus",
     "url": "https://archive.org/download/annualreportofst1911ohio/annualreportofst1911ohio_djvu.txt",
     "published": "1911"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C8",
   "claim": "The 1898 report also told the Board that the village's privy vaults were never cleaned and that no arrangements had been made for the removal of garbage or night soil.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "The vaults are never cleaned nor any attention paid to them.",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio State Board of Health",
     "title": "Annual Report of the State Board of Health of Ohio, 1898, village reports",
     "url": "https://archive.org/download/annualreportofst1898ohio/annualreportofst1898ohio_djvu.txt",
     "published": "1898"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C9",
   "claim": "A year later the village told the Board that night soil was hauled away and that in some places on the surface of limestone it was carried off through the crevices in the rock.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "it is carried off through the crevices in the rock",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio State Board of Health",
     "title": "Annual Report of the State Board of Health of Ohio, 1899, village reports",
     "url": "https://archive.org/download/annualreportofst1899ohio/annualreportofst1899ohio_djvu.txt",
     "published": "1899"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C10",
   "claim": "In 1904 the village's report said Dublin had no system for collecting garbage and that garbage was disposed of by throwing it in back yards, streets and alleys of the village.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "throwing in back yards, streets and alleys of the village",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio State Board of Health",
     "title": "Annual Report of the State Board of Health of Ohio, 1904, village reports and Columbus west side water samples",
     "url": "https://archive.org/download/annualreportofst1904ohio/annualreportofst1904ohio_djvu.txt",
     "published": "1904"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C11",
   "claim": "The village's own returns to the Board record a shrinking, then recovering, population and a handful of reported cases each year: 275 people in 1902 with two cases of scarlet fever and three of typhoid fever, and 370 people in 1905 with 68 reported cases of infectious disease, 50 of them measles.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Estimated population, 275.",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio State Board of Health",
     "title": "Annual Report of the State Board of Health of Ohio, 1902, village reports",
     "url": "https://archive.org/download/annualreportofst1902ohio/annualreportofst1902ohio_djvu.txt",
     "published": "1902"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio State Board of Health",
     "title": "Annual Report of the State Board of Health of Ohio, 1905, village reports",
     "url": "https://archive.org/download/annualreportofst1905ohio/annualreportofst1905ohio_djvu.txt",
     "published": "1905"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C12",
   "claim": "In 1890 the Ohio State Board of Health printed an investigation of a typhoid fever outbreak in the family of a miller living just outside the village of Dublin, in which all six children were found ill.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "An outbreak of typhoid fever occurred in the family of Mr. Corbin, a miller",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio State Board of Health",
     "title": "Annual Report of the State Board of Health of Ohio, 1890, Typhoid Fever at Dublin",
     "url": "https://archive.org/download/annualreportofst1890ohio/annualreportofst1890ohio_djvu.txt",
     "published": "1890"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C13",
   "claim": "The Board's inspector reported that the well stood at the kitchen door, about seventy feet deep and dug through solid rock, with a large cistern twelve feet away on higher ground, and named the probable pollution of the well through that leaky cistern as the point of special interest.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "the probable pollution of the well through the intervention of an adjacent leaky cistern",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio State Board of Health",
     "title": "Annual Report of the State Board of Health of Ohio, 1890, Typhoid Fever at Dublin",
     "url": "https://archive.org/download/annualreportofst1890ohio/annualreportofst1890ohio_djvu.txt",
     "published": "1890"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C14",
   "claim": "To test whether the cistern was feeding the well, the inspector had a barrel of salt emptied into the filled cistern and samples of the well water taken at eight, twelve, twenty-four and forty-eight hours and tested against a silver nitrate solution; the physician later wrote that the investigation had established beyond doubt that the well was being fed from the cistern.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "established beyond doubt that the well was being fed from the cistern",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio State Board of Health",
     "title": "Annual Report of the State Board of Health of Ohio, 1890, Typhoid Fever at Dublin",
     "url": "https://archive.org/download/annualreportofst1890ohio/annualreportofst1890ohio_djvu.txt",
     "published": "1890"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C15",
   "claim": "The mill at Dublin was owned in this period by a Corbin: the 1880 county history names Joseph Corban as owner of the stone mill in Dublin, and the Dublin Historical Society records that the Ebey and Sells mill operated until 1898 with Joseph Corbin as its last owner.",
   "status": "verified",
   "quote": "The Ebey and Sells mill operated until 1898; the last owner was Joseph Corbin.",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Williams Brothers",
     "title": "History of Franklin and Pickaway Counties, Ohio, Washington Township chapter",
     "url": "https://archive.org/download/historyoffrankli0000vari/historyoffrankli0000vari_djvu.txt",
     "published": "1880"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "Dublin Historical Society",
     "title": "Timeline of Dublin, Ohio",
     "url": "https://dublinohiohistory.org/history/timeline/",
     "published": "undated"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C16",
   "claim": "Dublin City Schools' local history record says that when fire almost destroyed the town in 1878, the citizens put it out with buckets of water from the town pump.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "The citizens put out the fire with buckets of water from the town pump.",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Dublin City Schools",
     "title": "Our Dublin History, Dublin Timeline",
     "url": "https://sites.google.com/dublinschools.net/dublinhistory/timelines/dublin-timeline",
     "published": "undated"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "Dublin Historical Society",
     "title": "Timeline of Dublin, Ohio",
     "url": "https://dublinohiohistory.org/history/timeline/",
     "published": "undated"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C17",
   "claim": "The Dublin Historical Society says the water pump in the middle of the Dublin Road and Route 161 intersection was removed in 1926 after a car struck its protective wall, and that it was one of several sites where residents came to get fresh water before running water was available in their homes.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "one of several sites where residents came to get fresh water",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Dublin Historical Society",
     "title": "Timeline of Dublin, Ohio",
     "url": "https://dublinohiohistory.org/history/timeline/",
     "published": "undated"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C18",
   "claim": "The Ohio State Board of Health's twenty-eight annual reports from 1886 through 1913 record no approval of a public water works or a sewerage system for Dublin, although the same volumes print the Board's approvals for neighboring Franklin County villages: sanitary sewers and purification works for Marble Cliff in 1909, a water supply for Grandview Heights in 1910 and a well supply for Worthington in 1912.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Several of the smaller villages were not inspected",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio State Board of Health",
     "title": "Annual Reports of the State Board of Health of Ohio, the run from 1886 to 1913",
     "url": "https://archive.org/download/annualreportofst1913ohio/annualreportofst1913ohio_djvu.txt",
     "published": "1886-1913"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio State Board of Health",
     "title": "Annual Report of the State Board of Health of Ohio, 1911, investigation of pollution of the Scioto above Columbus",
     "url": "https://archive.org/download/annualreportofst1911ohio/annualreportofst1911ohio_djvu.txt",
     "published": "1911"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C19",
   "claim": "In 1911 the Board listed Dublin among the communities on the Scioto River above Columbus, twelve miles above the city by water, with a population of 239 in the 1910 census.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Dublin 12 239",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio State Board of Health",
     "title": "Annual Report of the State Board of Health of Ohio, 1911, investigation of pollution of the Scioto above Columbus",
     "url": "https://archive.org/download/annualreportofst1911ohio/annualreportofst1911ohio_djvu.txt",
     "published": "1911"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C20",
   "claim": "When the state sampled the Scioto for the Columbus water works in 1904, three of its sampling points were at Dublin: samples numbered 3487, 3499 and 3488 are listed as the Scioto River below Dublin, at Dublin, and at Corbins Dam.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Scioto R. below Dublin",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio State Board of Health",
     "title": "Annual Report of the State Board of Health of Ohio, 1904, village reports and Columbus west side water samples",
     "url": "https://archive.org/download/annualreportofst1904ohio/annualreportofst1904ohio_djvu.txt",
     "published": "1904"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C21",
   "claim": "The Library of Congress holds no Sanborn fire insurance map of Dublin, Ohio, so the water facilities line those maps printed in a town's title block does not exist for Dublin.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "results 0",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Library of Congress",
     "title": "Sanborn Maps collection search, Ohio, Dublin",
     "url": "https://www.loc.gov/collections/sanborn-maps/?fa=location_state:ohio&q=Dublin&fo=json",
     "published": "undated"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C22",
   "claim": "The Census Bureau counted 237 people in Dublin village in 1940 and 289 in 1950.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Dublin Franklin 289 237",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "United States Census Bureau",
     "title": "1950 Census of Population, Volume I, Number of Inhabitants, Ohio",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1950/population-volume-1/vol-01-38.pdf",
     "published": "1952"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C23",
   "claim": "The 1950 Census of Housing published no plumbing figures for Dublin: its Ohio tables stop at places of 1,000 to 2,500 inhabitants, and Dublin had 289 people.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Characteristics of dwelling units, for places of 1,000 to 2,500: 1950",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "United States Census Bureau",
     "title": "1950 Census of Housing, Volume I, General Characteristics, Part 5, Ohio",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1950/housing-volume-1/36965082v1p5ch03.pdf",
     "published": "1953"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "United States Census Bureau",
     "title": "1950 Census of Population, Volume I, Number of Inhabitants, Ohio",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1950/population-volume-1/vol-01-38.pdf",
     "published": "1952"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C24",
   "claim": "The Census Bureau noted that Dublin village was returned in 1940 in Washington township only, and that the part of the village lying in Perry township had no population in 1950.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Dublin village returned in 1940 in Washington township only",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "United States Census Bureau",
     "title": "1950 Census of Population, Volume I, Number of Inhabitants, Ohio",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1950/population-volume-1/vol-01-38.pdf",
     "published": "1952"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C25",
   "claim": "The Census Bureau counted 681 people and 214 housing units in Dublin in 1970, 3,855 people and 1,511 housing units in 1980, and 16,366 people and 5,918 housing units in 1990.",
   "status": "verified",
   "quote": "Dublin city 16 366 3 855 681 5 918 1 511 214",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "United States Census Bureau",
     "title": "1990 Census of Population and Housing, Population and Housing Unit Counts, Ohio, CPH-2-37",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1990/cph-2/cph-2-37.pdf",
     "published": "1993"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "Dublin Historical Society",
     "title": "Timeline of Dublin, Ohio",
     "url": "https://dublinohiohistory.org/history/timeline/",
     "published": "undated"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C26",
   "claim": "By 1990 Dublin lay in three counties: the census divided its 16,366 people into 12,551 in Franklin County, 3,811 in Delaware County and 4 in Union County, where in 1970 all 681 had been in Franklin County.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Delaware County 3 811 595",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "United States Census Bureau",
     "title": "1990 Census of Population and Housing, Population and Housing Unit Counts, Ohio, CPH-2-37",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1990/cph-2/cph-2-37.pdf",
     "published": "1993"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C27",
   "claim": "The Census Bureau's estimates base for Dublin on April 1, 2020 was 49,315 people, and its estimate for July 1, 2024 was 49,456.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Dublin city, Ohio 49315 49456",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "United States Census Bureau",
     "title": "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places in Ohio: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2024, SUB-IP-EST2024-POP-39",
     "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/tables/2020-2024/cities/totals/SUB-IP-EST2024-POP-39.xlsx",
     "published": "2025"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C28",
   "claim": "The City of Dublin names three things that turned it from a rural village into a suburban business center in the 1970s: Ashland Chemical's decision to locate a new building in Dublin, the decision to include a ramp to Dublin at the I-270 outerbelt, and the development of the Muirfield Village Golf Club and residential community.",
   "status": "verified",
   "quote": "the decision to include a ramp to Dublin at the I-270 outerbelt",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "City of Dublin, Ohio",
     "title": "History",
     "url": "https://dublinohiousa.gov/history/",
     "published": "undated"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "Dublin Historical Society",
     "title": "Timeline of Dublin, Ohio",
     "url": "https://dublinohiohistory.org/history/timeline/",
     "published": "undated"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C29",
   "claim": "The Dublin Historical Society dates the opening of the west outerbelt, I-270, between I-71 north and I-70 west to 1971.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "The West outer belt, I-270, was opened between I-71 North and I-70 West.",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Dublin Historical Society",
     "title": "Timeline of Dublin, Ohio",
     "url": "https://dublinohiohistory.org/history/timeline/",
     "published": "undated"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C30",
   "claim": "Jack Nicklaus's account and the Dublin Historical Society agree that construction of Muirfield Village Golf Club began in 1972 and the course opened in 1974; Nicklaus's account gives the dates as July 28, 1972 and May 27, 1974.",
   "status": "verified",
   "quote": "Construction began on July 28, 1972.",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Nicklaus Companies",
     "title": "Fabulous at 40",
     "url": "https://nicklaus.com/2014/05/29/fabulous-at-40/",
     "published": "2014-05-29"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "Dublin Historical Society",
     "title": "Timeline of Dublin, Ohio",
     "url": "https://dublinohiohistory.org/history/timeline/",
     "published": "undated"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C31",
   "claim": "The Dublin Historical Society's timeline records the village's first water and sewer contract with the City of Columbus in 1971.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "First water and sewer contract with Columbus.",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Dublin Historical Society",
     "title": "Timeline of Dublin, Ohio",
     "url": "https://dublinohiohistory.org/history/timeline/",
     "published": "undated"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C32",
   "claim": "Dublin became a city in 1987, which the City of Dublin dates to August of that year and puts at an estimated population of 11,000 in 17 square miles.",
   "status": "verified",
   "quote": "Dublin officially became a city in August 1987.",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "City of Dublin, Ohio",
     "title": "History",
     "url": "https://dublinohiousa.gov/history/",
     "published": "undated"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "Dublin Historical Society",
     "title": "Timeline of Dublin, Ohio",
     "url": "https://dublinohiohistory.org/history/timeline/",
     "published": "undated"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C33",
   "claim": "The federal drinking water inventory carries one community water system named for the City of Dublin, drawing groundwater from a single well and serving 16,000 people, which was deactivated on September 1, 1989.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "DUBLIN, CITY OF ... 1989-09-01",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "United States Environmental Protection Agency",
     "title": "Envirofacts, Safe Drinking Water Information System, WATER_SYSTEM and WATER_SYSTEM_FACILITY, PWSID OH2504112",
     "url": "https://data.epa.gov/efservice/WATER_SYSTEM/PWSID/OH2504112/JSON",
     "published": "undated"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C34",
   "claim": "The City of Dublin says it does not own or operate wastewater treatment facilities or a water treatment facility, and that the City of Columbus provides water service to all Dublin residents and businesses on the public distribution system.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "The City of Columbus provides water service to all Dublin residents and businesses",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "City of Dublin, Ohio",
     "title": "Envision Dublin Community Plan, Municipal Service Agreements",
     "url": "https://communityplan.dublinohiousa.gov/utilities/municipal-service-agreements",
     "published": "undated"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "City of Dublin, Ohio",
     "title": "Water and Sanitary Sewer, Applications and Permits",
     "url": "https://dublinohiousa.gov/applications-permits/water-sanitary-sewer/",
     "published": "undated"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C35",
   "claim": "Under the 1993 water agreement, the City of Dublin says Columbus is responsible for routine maintenance and operation of the water distribution system inside Dublin, while Dublin keeps the fire hydrants, the water storage facilities and the pressure reducing valve vaults.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "The City of Columbus is responsible for routine maintenance and operation",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "City of Dublin, Ohio",
     "title": "Envision Dublin Community Plan, Municipal Service Agreements",
     "url": "https://communityplan.dublinohiousa.gov/utilities/municipal-service-agreements",
     "published": "undated"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C36",
   "claim": "Under the 1993 sanitary sewer agreement, the City of Dublin says the operation and maintenance of the sanitary sewer collection system within Dublin is Dublin's own responsibility, while Columbus treats the wastewater.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "is the responsibility of the City of Dublin",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "City of Dublin, Ohio",
     "title": "Envision Dublin Community Plan, Municipal Service Agreements",
     "url": "https://communityplan.dublinohiousa.gov/utilities/municipal-service-agreements",
     "published": "undated"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "City of Dublin, Ohio",
     "title": "Envision Dublin Community Plan, Sanitary Sewer",
     "url": "https://communityplan.dublinohiousa.gov/utilities/sanitary-sewer",
     "published": "undated"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C37",
   "claim": "The City of Dublin describes a collection system of more than 225 miles of sanitary sewers, 5,537 manholes and a single pump station sending about 6 million gallons a day to Columbus for treatment, and a distribution system of over 227 miles of water pipe, 2,997 public fire hydrants and six storage tanks holding 9 million gallons.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "more than 225 miles of sanitary sewers and 5,537 sanitary sewer manholes",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "City of Dublin, Ohio",
     "title": "Envision Dublin Community Plan, Sanitary Sewer",
     "url": "https://communityplan.dublinohiousa.gov/utilities/sanitary-sewer",
     "published": "undated"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "City of Dublin, Ohio",
     "title": "Envision Dublin Community Plan, Water Supply",
     "url": "https://communityplan.dublinohiousa.gov/utilities/water-supply",
     "published": "undated"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C38",
   "claim": "The City of Dublin says its water and sewer extension effort will evaluate 28 developed areas, about 500 residential properties, inside the city that are not currently served by public water and sanitary sewer.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "28 developed areas (approximately 500 residential properties) within the City",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "City of Dublin, Ohio",
     "title": "Tell Dublin, Public Water Utility and Sanitary Sewer Utility Extensions to Existing Developed Property Policy",
     "url": "https://telldublin.dublinohiousa.gov/public-water-and-sanitary-sewer-utility-extension",
     "published": "2024"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C39",
   "claim": "Dublin City Council adopted that extension policy on December 7, 2015 and amended it on April 25, 2022, and the City says it prioritizes extension projects by a health risks assessment and waives all of its own connection fees to encourage connections.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "amended the Public Water Utility and Sanitary Sewer Utility Extensions",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "City of Dublin, Ohio",
     "title": "Tell Dublin, Public Water Utility and Sanitary Sewer Utility Extensions to Existing Developed Property Policy",
     "url": "https://telldublin.dublinohiousa.gov/public-water-and-sanitary-sewer-utility-extension",
     "published": "2024"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "City of Dublin, Ohio",
     "title": "Water and Sanitary Sewer, Applications and Permits",
     "url": "https://dublinohiousa.gov/applications-permits/water-sanitary-sewer/",
     "published": "undated"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C40",
   "claim": "The City of Dublin says a house connecting to the public water main must coordinate inspections with the City of Dublin, the City of Columbus and Franklin County Public Health; a house connecting to the public sanitary sewer coordinates with the City of Dublin and Franklin County Public Health. Abandoning a well or a home sewage treatment system also goes through Franklin County Public Health.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "coordinating the work with inspectors from the City of Dublin, City of Columbus",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "City of Dublin, Ohio",
     "title": "Water and Sanitary Sewer, Applications and Permits",
     "url": "https://dublinohiousa.gov/applications-permits/water-sanitary-sewer/",
     "published": "undated"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C41",
   "claim": "Dublin runs its own building department, the Building Standards Division, headed by a Director of Building Standards who is the city's chief building official.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Director of Building Standards, Chief Building Official",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "City of Dublin, Ohio",
     "title": "Applications and Permits, Building Standards",
     "url": "https://dublinohiousa.gov/applications-permits/",
     "published": "undated"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C42",
   "claim": "Chapter 150.140 to 150.146 of the codified ordinances of the City of Dublin requires building trade contractors and subcontractors to obtain a contractor's registration before starting work in the city.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "required to obtain a Contractor's Registration prior to commencing work",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "City of Dublin, Ohio",
     "title": "Applications and Permits, Building Standards",
     "url": "https://dublinohiousa.gov/applications-permits/",
     "published": "undated"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C43",
   "claim": "Dublin's Architectural Review Board reviews site modifications or demolitions within the Historic District and at outlying designated historic properties named in Dublin's zoning code.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "reviews site modifications or demolitions within the Historic District",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "City of Dublin, Ohio",
     "title": "Architectural Review Board",
     "url": "https://dublinohiousa.gov/boards-commissions/architectural-review-board/",
     "published": "undated"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "City of Dublin, Ohio",
     "title": "Applications and Permits, Building Standards",
     "url": "https://dublinohiousa.gov/applications-permits/",
     "published": "undated"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C44",
   "claim": "The Dublin High Street Historic District, covering 6 to 126 High Street on both sides of the street, was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on April 11, 1979 as part of the Washington Township multiple resource area.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Date Published: 4/11/1979",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "National Park Service",
     "title": "NPGallery asset detail, Dublin High Street Historic District, National Register Information System 79003645",
     "url": "https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/79003645",
     "published": "1979"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C45",
   "claim": "The Columbus water plant named for Dublin Road is not in Dublin: the federal drinking water inventory records the Columbus Dublin Road water treatment plant at 940 Dublin Road, Columbus.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "940 DUBLIN RD ... COLUMBUS",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "United States Environmental Protection Agency",
     "title": "Envirofacts, Safe Drinking Water Information System, WATER_SYSTEM, PWSID OH2500411",
     "url": "https://data.epa.gov/efservice/WATER_SYSTEM/PWSID/OH2500411/JSON",
     "published": "undated"
    }
   ]
  }
 ],
 "conflicts": [
  {
   "claim_id": "C2",
   "a": "The village was platted or laid out in 1810",
   "a_source": "S1 and S2, the City of Dublin and the Dublin Historical Society",
   "b": "The village of Dublin was laid out by John Sells in 1818",
   "b_source": "S4 and S5, Williams 1880 page 373 and Hooper 1920 page 24",
   "printed": "print both. Four publishers are split two and two, and the two 1810 publishers share a source. The Historical Society's own 1818 entry, that Sells advertised two hundred lots for sale that year, is the likeliest reconciliation: the survey in 1810 and the sale of lots in 1818. Do not assert that reconciliation as fact."
  },
  {
   "claim_id": "C3",
   "a": "The Sells brothers bought the four hundred acres in 1801",
   "a_source": "S2, Dublin Historical Society",
   "b": "Ludwig Sells and his sons scouted along the Scioto and decided on this site about 1803",
   "b_source": "S1, City of Dublin",
   "printed": "print A with the Historical Society named, and note that the City dates only the scouting, to about 1803, so the two are not strictly in conflict. Williams 1880 gives no year for the purchase and says John Sells himself came in the fall of 1808."
  },
  {
   "claim_id": "C9",
   "a": "Our village has no sewerage at all (1898)",
   "a_source": "S7, Ohio State Board of Health 1898, page 207",
   "b": "Sewerage is all right (1899)",
   "b_source": "S8, Ohio State Board of Health 1899, page 325",
   "printed": "print both, a year apart, from the same health officer, and let the reader see the questionnaire for what it was. The 1899 answer plainly means the village had no complaint rather than that it had sewers, since the same entry describes night soil being hauled away and running off through crevices in the rock."
  },
  {
   "claim_id": "C31",
   "a": "First water and sewer contract with Columbus in 1971",
   "a_source": "S2, Dublin Historical Society",
   "b": "A Dublin community water system on groundwater was still carried in the federal inventory until September 1, 1989",
   "b_source": "S18, US EPA Safe Drinking Water Information System",
   "printed": "print both, each attributed, and do not reconcile them. Neither source excludes the other: a town can buy Columbus water for part of its area while keeping its own wells for another, and a deactivation date in that database can mean a system was folded into another. No document was found that says when the last Dublin well left service."
  },
  {
   "claim_id": "C25",
   "a": "681 people in Dublin in 1970",
   "a_source": "S16 and S2, the Census Bureau and the Dublin Historical Society",
   "b": "Dublin's population more than doubles to about 652 people in 1970",
   "b_source": "S28, Dublin City Schools",
   "printed": "print A. The Census Bureau's own table is the authority for a census count, and the school district's page is approximate on its face ('about')."
  }
 ],
 "sources": [
  {
   "id": "S1",
   "publisher": "City of Dublin, Ohio",
   "title": "History",
   "url": "https://dublinohiousa.gov/history/",
   "published": "undated"
  },
  {
   "id": "S2",
   "publisher": "Dublin Historical Society",
   "title": "Timeline of Dublin, Ohio",
   "url": "https://dublinohiohistory.org/history/timeline/",
   "published": "undated"
  },
  {
   "id": "S3",
   "publisher": "Dublin Historical Society",
   "title": "Did You Know?",
   "url": "https://dublinohiohistory.org/history/did-you-know-faq/",
   "published": "undated"
  },
  {
   "id": "S4",
   "publisher": "Williams Brothers",
   "title": "History of Franklin and Pickaway Counties, Ohio, Washington Township chapter",
   "url": "https://archive.org/download/historyoffrankli0000vari/historyoffrankli0000vari_djvu.txt",
   "published": "1880"
  },
  {
   "id": "S5",
   "publisher": "Osman Castle Hooper",
   "title": "History of the City of Columbus, Ohio",
   "url": "https://archive.org/download/historyofcityofc00hoop/historyofcityofc00hoop_djvu.txt",
   "published": "1920"
  },
  {
   "id": "S6",
   "publisher": "Ohio State Board of Health",
   "title": "Annual Report of the State Board of Health of Ohio, 1890, Typhoid Fever at Dublin",
   "url": "https://archive.org/download/annualreportofst1890ohio/annualreportofst1890ohio_djvu.txt",
   "published": "1890"
  },
  {
   "id": "S7",
   "publisher": "Ohio State Board of Health",
   "title": "Annual Report of the State Board of Health of Ohio, 1898, village reports",
   "url": "https://archive.org/download/annualreportofst1898ohio/annualreportofst1898ohio_djvu.txt",
   "published": "1898"
  },
  {
   "id": "S8",
   "publisher": "Ohio State Board of Health",
   "title": "Annual Report of the State Board of Health of Ohio, 1899, village reports",
   "url": "https://archive.org/download/annualreportofst1899ohio/annualreportofst1899ohio_djvu.txt",
   "published": "1899"
  },
  {
   "id": "S9",
   "publisher": "Ohio State Board of Health",
   "title": "Annual Report of the State Board of Health of Ohio, 1902, village reports",
   "url": "https://archive.org/download/annualreportofst1902ohio/annualreportofst1902ohio_djvu.txt",
   "published": "1902"
  },
  {
   "id": "S10",
   "publisher": "Ohio State Board of Health",
   "title": "Annual Report of the State Board of Health of Ohio, 1904, village reports and Columbus west side water samples",
   "url": "https://archive.org/download/annualreportofst1904ohio/annualreportofst1904ohio_djvu.txt",
   "published": "1904"
  },
  {
   "id": "S11",
   "publisher": "Ohio State Board of Health",
   "title": "Annual Report of the State Board of Health of Ohio, 1905, village reports",
   "url": "https://archive.org/download/annualreportofst1905ohio/annualreportofst1905ohio_djvu.txt",
   "published": "1905"
  },
  {
   "id": "S12",
   "publisher": "Ohio State Board of Health",
   "title": "Annual Report of the State Board of Health of Ohio, 1911, investigation of pollution of the Scioto above Columbus",
   "url": "https://archive.org/download/annualreportofst1911ohio/annualreportofst1911ohio_djvu.txt",
   "published": "1911"
  },
  {
   "id": "S13",
   "publisher": "Ohio State Board of Health",
   "title": "Annual Reports of the State Board of Health of Ohio, the run from 1886 to 1913",
   "url": "https://archive.org/download/annualreportofst1913ohio/annualreportofst1913ohio_djvu.txt",
   "published": "1886-1913"
  },
  {
   "id": "S14",
   "publisher": "United States Census Bureau",
   "title": "1950 Census of Population, Volume I, Number of Inhabitants, Ohio",
   "url": "https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1950/population-volume-1/vol-01-38.pdf",
   "published": "1952"
  },
  {
   "id": "S15",
   "publisher": "United States Census Bureau",
   "title": "1950 Census of Housing, Volume I, General Characteristics, Part 5, Ohio",
   "url": "https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1950/housing-volume-1/36965082v1p5ch03.pdf",
   "published": "1953"
  },
  {
   "id": "S16",
   "publisher": "United States Census Bureau",
   "title": "1990 Census of Population and Housing, Population and Housing Unit Counts, Ohio, CPH-2-37",
   "url": "https://www2.census.gov/library/publications/decennial/1990/cph-2/cph-2-37.pdf",
   "published": "1993"
  },
  {
   "id": "S17",
   "publisher": "United States Census Bureau",
   "title": "Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for Incorporated Places in Ohio: April 1, 2020 to July 1, 2024, SUB-IP-EST2024-POP-39",
   "url": "https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/popest/tables/2020-2024/cities/totals/SUB-IP-EST2024-POP-39.xlsx",
   "published": "2025"
  },
  {
   "id": "S18",
   "publisher": "United States Environmental Protection Agency",
   "title": "Envirofacts, Safe Drinking Water Information System, WATER_SYSTEM and WATER_SYSTEM_FACILITY, PWSID OH2504112",
   "url": "https://data.epa.gov/efservice/WATER_SYSTEM/PWSID/OH2504112/JSON",
   "published": "undated"
  },
  {
   "id": "S19",
   "publisher": "United States Environmental Protection Agency",
   "title": "Envirofacts, Safe Drinking Water Information System, WATER_SYSTEM, PWSID OH2500411",
   "url": "https://data.epa.gov/efservice/WATER_SYSTEM/PWSID/OH2500411/JSON",
   "published": "undated"
  },
  {
   "id": "S20",
   "publisher": "City of Dublin, Ohio",
   "title": "Envision Dublin Community Plan, Municipal Service Agreements",
   "url": "https://communityplan.dublinohiousa.gov/utilities/municipal-service-agreements",
   "published": "undated"
  },
  {
   "id": "S21",
   "publisher": "City of Dublin, Ohio",
   "title": "Envision Dublin Community Plan, Sanitary Sewer",
   "url": "https://communityplan.dublinohiousa.gov/utilities/sanitary-sewer",
   "published": "undated"
  },
  {
   "id": "S22",
   "publisher": "City of Dublin, Ohio",
   "title": "Envision Dublin Community Plan, Water Supply",
   "url": "https://communityplan.dublinohiousa.gov/utilities/water-supply",
   "published": "undated"
  },
  {
   "id": "S23",
   "publisher": "City of Dublin, Ohio",
   "title": "Water and Sanitary Sewer, Applications and Permits",
   "url": "https://dublinohiousa.gov/applications-permits/water-sanitary-sewer/",
   "published": "undated"
  },
  {
   "id": "S24",
   "publisher": "City of Dublin, Ohio",
   "title": "Tell Dublin, Public Water Utility and Sanitary Sewer Utility Extensions to Existing Developed Property Policy",
   "url": "https://telldublin.dublinohiousa.gov/public-water-and-sanitary-sewer-utility-extension",
   "published": "2024"
  },
  {
   "id": "S25",
   "publisher": "City of Dublin, Ohio",
   "title": "Applications and Permits, Building Standards",
   "url": "https://dublinohiousa.gov/applications-permits/",
   "published": "undated"
  },
  {
   "id": "S26",
   "publisher": "City of Dublin, Ohio",
   "title": "Architectural Review Board",
   "url": "https://dublinohiousa.gov/boards-commissions/architectural-review-board/",
   "published": "undated"
  },
  {
   "id": "S27",
   "publisher": "National Park Service",
   "title": "NPGallery asset detail, Dublin High Street Historic District, National Register Information System 79003645",
   "url": "https://npgallery.nps.gov/AssetDetail/NRIS/79003645",
   "published": "1979"
  },
  {
   "id": "S28",
   "publisher": "Dublin City Schools",
   "title": "Our Dublin History, Dublin Timeline",
   "url": "https://sites.google.com/dublinschools.net/dublinhistory/timelines/dublin-timeline",
   "published": "undated"
  },
  {
   "id": "S29",
   "publisher": "Library of Congress",
   "title": "Sanborn Maps collection search, Ohio, Dublin",
   "url": "https://www.loc.gov/collections/sanborn-maps/?fa=location_state:ohio&q=Dublin&fo=json",
   "published": "undated"
  },
  {
   "id": "S30",
   "publisher": "Nicklaus Companies",
   "title": "Fabulous at 40",
   "url": "https://nicklaus.com/2014/05/29/fabulous-at-40/",
   "published": "2014-05-29"
  }
 ]
}