{
 "page": "how-to-tell-what-era-and-style-a-central-ohio-house-is.html",
 "url": "https://www.openshowerco.com/how-to-tell-what-era-and-style-a-central-ohio-house-is.html",
 "title": "How to tell what era and style a Central Ohio house is",
 "record": "kb-wave-twelve-ohio-building-history-2026-09",
 "generated": "2026-09-08",
 "how_to_read": "Every sentence on the page traces to one of these claims. status \"verified\" means two independent publishers state it; \"single\" means one named publisher, named in the page's sentence; \"conflict\" means the documents disagree and the page prints both.",
 "claims": [
  {
   "id": "C1",
   "claim": "Ohio's statewide architectural survey program began with the creation of the Ohio Historic Inventory in 1973, the State Historic Preservation Office says more than 100,000 architectural properties have been documented on it since, and the form is a single-page, two-sided questionnaire in six categories, one of which is architectural data.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "the creation of the Ohio Historic Inventory in 1973",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio History Connection, State Historic Preservation Office",
     "title": "Ohio Historic Inventory - History/Architecture Survey and the Ohio Historic Inventory",
     "url": "https://www.ohiohistory.org/preserving-ohio/survey-inventory/ohio-historic-inventory/",
     "published": "undated"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C2",
   "claim": "The manual for the form is How to Complete the Ohio Historic Inventory, written by Stephen C. Gordon and published by the Ohio Historic Preservation Office in Columbus in 1992, and the State Historic Preservation Office still posts it as the guidance for filling the form in.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "How to Complete the Ohio Historic Inventory",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio State Historic Preservation Office (Ohio Historic Preservation Office, Ohio Historical Society)",
     "title": "Stephen C. Gordon, How to Complete the Ohio Historic Inventory (Columbus: Ohio Historic Preservation Office, 1992)",
     "url": "https://www.ohiohistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/OHInventory_Manual_SHPO.pdf",
     "published": "1992"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio History Connection, State Historic Preservation Office",
     "title": "Ohio Historic Inventory - History/Architecture Survey and the Ohio Historic Inventory",
     "url": "https://www.ohiohistory.org/preserving-ohio/survey-inventory/ohio-historic-inventory/",
     "published": "undated"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C3",
   "claim": "The Ohio Historic Inventory keeps style and building type in two separate fields: item 18 is Style or Design and item 21 is Building Type or Plan, each with its own printed list.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "21. Building Type or Plan",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio State Historic Preservation Office (Ohio Historic Preservation Office, Ohio Historical Society)",
     "title": "Stephen C. Gordon, How to Complete the Ohio Historic Inventory (Columbus: Ohio Historic Preservation Office, 1992)",
     "url": "https://www.ohiohistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/OHInventory_Manual_SHPO.pdf",
     "published": "1992"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C4",
   "claim": "The state's manual says plainly that a building's type is not settled by its style: several buildings of one type may each be of a different style, and one building of a specific type may carry elements of several styles.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "type is not determined by style",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio State Historic Preservation Office (Ohio Historic Preservation Office, Ohio Historical Society)",
     "title": "Stephen C. Gordon, How to Complete the Ohio Historic Inventory (Columbus: Ohio Historic Preservation Office, 1992)",
     "url": "https://www.ohiohistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/OHInventory_Manual_SHPO.pdf",
     "published": "1992"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C5",
   "claim": "The manual defines a building type twice, in slightly different words: at item 21 it says a building type is identified by its overall massing, floor plan, shape, number and arrangement of bays and chimney location, and in Section Five it says building type is defined by the structure's function, floor plan, configuration or shape, number of stories, chimney location, roof configuration and window and door arrangements; it adds that size, building materials and stylistic features often change while the basic form of a building usually remains constant.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "identified by its overall massing, floor plan, shape, number and arrangement of bays",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio State Historic Preservation Office (Ohio Historic Preservation Office, Ohio Historical Society)",
     "title": "Stephen C. Gordon, How to Complete the Ohio Historic Inventory (Columbus: Ohio Historic Preservation Office, 1992)",
     "url": "https://www.ohiohistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/OHInventory_Manual_SHPO.pdf",
     "published": "1992"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C6",
   "claim": "The manual tells a surveyor to check high style only when a building is a particularly good example of a style and to check elements when only a few details or features of a style are apparent, usually in the porch, cornice, windows or storefront; where no academic style is present at all the entry is vernacular, and the surveyor is told to enter the building type anyway.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "only a few details or features of an architectural style are apparent",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio State Historic Preservation Office (Ohio Historic Preservation Office, Ohio Historical Society)",
     "title": "Stephen C. Gordon, How to Complete the Ohio Historic Inventory (Columbus: Ohio Historic Preservation Office, 1992)",
     "url": "https://www.ohiohistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/OHInventory_Manual_SHPO.pdf",
     "published": "1992"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C7",
   "claim": "The style list printed on the Ohio Historic Inventory form runs from Federal, Greek Revival and Gothic Revival through Italianate, Queen Anne, Colonial Revival, Craftsman/Arts and Crafts and Prairie to Art Deco, International and Modern Movements, and it opens with two answers that are not styles at all, Not determined and No academic style - vernacular, and closes with Other.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "No academic style",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio State Historic Preservation Office (Ohio Historic Preservation Office, Ohio Historical Society)",
     "title": "Stephen C. Gordon, How to Complete the Ohio Historic Inventory (Columbus: Ohio Historic Preservation Office, 1992)",
     "url": "https://www.ohiohistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/OHInventory_Manual_SHPO.pdf",
     "published": "1992"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C8",
   "claim": "The state inventory's name for what most people call Tudor Revival is Tudor/English Revival, it dates the style about 1910 to 1940, and its common elements are steeply pitched, usually side-gabled roofs, decorative rough-sawn half-timbering almost always above the first story, narrow multipaned grouped casement windows with leaded glass or diamond panes, Tudor arches and prominent chimneys.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Narrow, multipaned, grouped casement windows, some with leaded glass",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio State Historic Preservation Office (Ohio Historic Preservation Office, Ohio Historical Society)",
     "title": "Stephen C. Gordon, How to Complete the Ohio Historic Inventory (Columbus: Ohio Historic Preservation Office, 1992)",
     "url": "https://www.ohiohistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/OHInventory_Manual_SHPO.pdf",
     "published": "1992"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C9",
   "claim": "The manual records that in Ohio speculative builders put up many small one-and-one-half-story Tudor Revival houses with subtle Arts and Crafts elements on small suburban lots after the First World War, and that by the end of the 1930s many Tudor Revival cottages had picked up some Colonial Revival elements.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "speculative builders built many small one-and-one-half-story Tudor",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio State Historic Preservation Office (Ohio Historic Preservation Office, Ohio Historical Society)",
     "title": "Stephen C. Gordon, How to Complete the Ohio Historic Inventory (Columbus: Ohio Historic Preservation Office, 1992)",
     "url": "https://www.ohiohistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/OHInventory_Manual_SHPO.pdf",
     "published": "1992"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C10",
   "claim": "The manual dates Colonial Revival from about 1895 to the present and calls it one of the predominant architectural styles in Ohio during the first part of the twentieth century.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "one of the predominant architectural styles in Ohio during the first part",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio State Historic Preservation Office (Ohio Historic Preservation Office, Ohio Historical Society)",
     "title": "Stephen C. Gordon, How to Complete the Ohio Historic Inventory (Columbus: Ohio Historic Preservation Office, 1992)",
     "url": "https://www.ohiohistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/OHInventory_Manual_SHPO.pdf",
     "published": "1992"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C11",
   "claim": "The manual's common elements for Colonial Revival include a rectilinear form with facade symmetry, gable roofs with dormers, smooth Tuscan columns or fluted pilasters, large double-hung shuttered windows often with transoms, modillions and dentils below the cornice, and center hall plans inside; it adds that two subtypes, the Georgian Revival and the Dutch Colonial Revival, are distinctive and numerous enough in Ohio to be treated separately.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Rectilinear form, often articulated boxes with facade symmetry",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio State Historic Preservation Office (Ohio Historic Preservation Office, Ohio Historical Society)",
     "title": "Stephen C. Gordon, How to Complete the Ohio Historic Inventory (Columbus: Ohio Historic Preservation Office, 1992)",
     "url": "https://www.ohiohistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/OHInventory_Manual_SHPO.pdf",
     "published": "1992"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C12",
   "claim": "Bungalow is the one word the Ohio Historic Inventory prints on both of its lists: as a style dated about 1910 to 1935 and, separately, as a house type dated about 1905 to 1930.",
   "status": "conflict",
   "quote": "Bungalow (ca. 1910-1935)",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio State Historic Preservation Office (Ohio Historic Preservation Office, Ohio Historical Society)",
     "title": "Stephen C. Gordon, How to Complete the Ohio Historic Inventory (Columbus: Ohio Historic Preservation Office, 1992)",
     "url": "https://www.ohiohistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/OHInventory_Manual_SHPO.pdf",
     "published": "1992"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C13",
   "claim": "The manual's common elements for the Bungalow style include exposed roof beams and rafter tails, battered or square porch posts, rectangular windows with multipaned sash over single sash, street-facing dormers, rustic butt shingle wall treatments and a long living room across the front of the house.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Battered (tapered) or square porch posts, occasionally cobblestone",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio State Historic Preservation Office (Ohio Historic Preservation Office, Ohio Historical Society)",
     "title": "Stephen C. Gordon, How to Complete the Ohio Historic Inventory (Columbus: Ohio Historic Preservation Office, 1992)",
     "url": "https://www.ohiohistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/OHInventory_Manual_SHPO.pdf",
     "published": "1992"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C14",
   "claim": "The manual names a Columbus street as evidence of how far the bungalow went: it says entire streets such as East Longview in Columbus reflect the popularity of Bungalow architecture.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Entire streets such as East Longview in Columbus",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio State Historic Preservation Office (Ohio Historic Preservation Office, Ohio Historical Society)",
     "title": "Stephen C. Gordon, How to Complete the Ohio Historic Inventory (Columbus: Ohio Historic Preservation Office, 1992)",
     "url": "https://www.ohiohistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/OHInventory_Manual_SHPO.pdf",
     "published": "1992"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C15",
   "claim": "The house types the Ohio Historic Inventory form lists are Single Pen, Double Pen with its Dogtrot and Saddlebag subtypes, Hall and Parlor, Early Central Chimney, Side Hallway, I House with its Pre-Classic, Four Bay and Classic subtypes, Rowhouse, Four-over-Four, New England One and a Half, Upright and Wing, Saltbox, Octagon, Shotgun, Gabled Ell, American Foursquare, Bungalow with its Dormer Front and Gable Front subtypes, Cape Cod Cottage/Williamsburg Colonial, Ranch, Split-Level and Other.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Cape Cod Cottage/Williamsburg Colonial",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio State Historic Preservation Office (Ohio Historic Preservation Office, Ohio Historical Society)",
     "title": "Stephen C. Gordon, How to Complete the Ohio Historic Inventory (Columbus: Ohio Historic Preservation Office, 1992)",
     "url": "https://www.ohiohistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/OHInventory_Manual_SHPO.pdf",
     "published": "1992"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C16",
   "claim": "The state's list of house types stops at the Split-Level: it carries no bi-level, no minimal traditional and no name at all for the two-story house of the 1980s and 1990s.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Split-Level",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio State Historic Preservation Office (Ohio Historic Preservation Office, Ohio Historical Society)",
     "title": "Stephen C. Gordon, How to Complete the Ohio Historic Inventory (Columbus: Ohio Historic Preservation Office, 1992)",
     "url": "https://www.ohiohistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/OHInventory_Manual_SHPO.pdf",
     "published": "1992"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C17",
   "claim": "The manual dates the American Foursquare about 1900 to 1925 and describes it as two to two and one-half stories with a nearly square floor plan and a blocky shape under a low pyramidal hipped roof, its basement slightly raised so a flight of steps reaches a three- or four-post front porch that runs the full width of the house.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "two to two and one-half stories, a nearly square floor plan",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio State Historic Preservation Office (Ohio Historic Preservation Office, Ohio Historical Society)",
     "title": "Stephen C. Gordon, How to Complete the Ohio Historic Inventory (Columbus: Ohio Historic Preservation Office, 1992)",
     "url": "https://www.ohiohistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/OHInventory_Manual_SHPO.pdf",
     "published": "1992"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C18",
   "claim": "The manual puts the foursquare's bathroom where a homeowner will find it today: it says the second floor usually has four corner rooms with a central hall and the bathroom between two of them.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "four corner rooms with a central hall and bathroom between two of the rooms",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio State Historic Preservation Office (Ohio Historic Preservation Office, Ohio Historical Society)",
     "title": "Stephen C. Gordon, How to Complete the Ohio Historic Inventory (Columbus: Ohio Historic Preservation Office, 1992)",
     "url": "https://www.ohiohistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/OHInventory_Manual_SHPO.pdf",
     "published": "1992"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C19",
   "claim": "The manual dates the Bungalow type about 1905 to 1930, says Ohio has two basic subtypes, the Dormer Front Bungalow and the Gable Front Bungalow, and describes the Dormer Front as one-and-one-half or two stories with side-facing gables, a full-width inset porch and a front-facing gabled or shed dormer, with bedrooms often on both floors.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Ohio has two basic subtypes, Dormer Front Bungalows and Gable Front Bungalows",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio State Historic Preservation Office (Ohio Historic Preservation Office, Ohio Historical Society)",
     "title": "Stephen C. Gordon, How to Complete the Ohio Historic Inventory (Columbus: Ohio Historic Preservation Office, 1992)",
     "url": "https://www.ohiohistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/OHInventory_Manual_SHPO.pdf",
     "published": "1992"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C20",
   "claim": "The manual dates the Cape Cod Cottage, which it also calls the Williamsburg Colonial, about 1925 to 1950, and calls it the most common form of the single or one-and-one-half-story Colonial Revival house built between those years; its Colonial Revival entry says the same thing from the other side, that the Cape Cod Cottage became a popular form of the style during the 1920s and 1930s.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "the most common form of the single or one-and-one-half-story Colonial Revival house",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio State Historic Preservation Office (Ohio Historic Preservation Office, Ohio Historical Society)",
     "title": "Stephen C. Gordon, How to Complete the Ohio Historic Inventory (Columbus: Ohio Historic Preservation Office, 1992)",
     "url": "https://www.ohiohistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/OHInventory_Manual_SHPO.pdf",
     "published": "1992"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C21",
   "claim": "The manual's Cape Cod tells are a one-and-one-half-story massing, a steeply pitched side-facing gable roof and a symmetrical three- or five-bay front, with dormer windows, and it says garages and breezeways are common appendages and that the prototypical examples are of frame construction although brick- and stone-veneered forms are common.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "steeply pitched side-facing gable roof and symmetrical three- or five-bay facade",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio State Historic Preservation Office (Ohio Historic Preservation Office, Ohio Historical Society)",
     "title": "Stephen C. Gordon, How to Complete the Ohio Historic Inventory (Columbus: Ohio Historic Preservation Office, 1992)",
     "url": "https://www.ohiohistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/OHInventory_Manual_SHPO.pdf",
     "published": "1992"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C22",
   "claim": "The manual dates the Ranch about 1940 to 1970 and describes it as a single-story dwelling with a low-pitched roof and a rectilinear or elongated shape, its rambling plan a large living room flanked by bedrooms and by the kitchen and dining room.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "single-story dwelling has a low-pitched roof and a rectilinear or elongated shape",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio State Historic Preservation Office (Ohio Historic Preservation Office, Ohio Historical Society)",
     "title": "Stephen C. Gordon, How to Complete the Ohio Historic Inventory (Columbus: Ohio Historic Preservation Office, 1992)",
     "url": "https://www.ohiohistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/OHInventory_Manual_SHPO.pdf",
     "published": "1992"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C23",
   "claim": "The manual says ranch garages may be detached but are often attached at the kitchen end, that ranch houses are commonly faced in brick, wood or stone with large rectangular and picture windows, low chimneys and minimal front porches, and that around 1960 sliding glass doors and rear patios became popular features of them.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Around 1960, sliding glass doors and rear patios became popular features",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio State Historic Preservation Office (Ohio Historic Preservation Office, Ohio Historical Society)",
     "title": "Stephen C. Gordon, How to Complete the Ohio Historic Inventory (Columbus: Ohio Historic Preservation Office, 1992)",
     "url": "https://www.ohiohistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/OHInventory_Manual_SHPO.pdf",
     "published": "1992"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C24",
   "claim": "The manual dates the Split-Level, which it also calls the Tri-Level, about 1950 to 1980 and says it emerged along with the Ranch as a popular postwar suburban house type.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "The Split-Level or Tri-Level emerged along with the Ranch",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio State Historic Preservation Office (Ohio Historic Preservation Office, Ohio Historical Society)",
     "title": "Stephen C. Gordon, How to Complete the Ohio Historic Inventory (Columbus: Ohio Historic Preservation Office, 1992)",
     "url": "https://www.ohiohistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/OHInventory_Manual_SHPO.pdf",
     "published": "1992"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C25",
   "claim": "The manual describes the split-level plan a homeowner walks into: a landing inside the front door with several steps up to the living, dining and kitchen level at one end, bedrooms a half-story higher at the other end, and the family or recreation room and the utility room a half-story lower, below the bedrooms and partly below grade, with the levels linked by short flights of stairs.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "a landing inside the front door with several steps up to the living room",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio State Historic Preservation Office (Ohio Historic Preservation Office, Ohio Historical Society)",
     "title": "Stephen C. Gordon, How to Complete the Ohio Historic Inventory (Columbus: Ohio Historic Preservation Office, 1992)",
     "url": "https://www.ohiohistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/OHInventory_Manual_SHPO.pdf",
     "published": "1992"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C26",
   "claim": "The manual's illustrated split-level is a house in Worthington dated about 1970 and its illustrated ranch is a house in Columbus dated about 1950 to 1960, so the two postwar types the state names are shown in Central Ohio.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Split Level, Worthington, ca. 1970",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio State Historic Preservation Office (Ohio Historic Preservation Office, Ohio Historical Society)",
     "title": "Stephen C. Gordon, How to Complete the Ohio Historic Inventory (Columbus: Ohio Historic Preservation Office, 1992)",
     "url": "https://www.ohiohistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/OHInventory_Manual_SHPO.pdf",
     "published": "1992"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C27",
   "claim": "National Register Bulletin 46 describes the typical foursquare as a two-and-one-half-story house with a raised basement, a one-story porch across the front and a plan of four evenly sized rooms on each floor, often crowned with a pyramidal roof and dormers, and says its most popular style was the Colonial Revival.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "plan of four evenly sized rooms on each floor",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "National Park Service",
     "title": "National Register Bulletin 46, Historic Residential Suburbs: Guidelines for Evaluation and Documentation for the National Register of Historic Places (David L. Ames and Linda Flint McClelland), part 1",
     "url": "https://www.nps.gov/subjects/nationalregister/upload/NRB46_Suburbs_part1_508.pdf",
     "published": "2002"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C28",
   "claim": "The National Park Service defines a building's character as all those visual aspects and physical features that make up its appearance, and names the overall shape, the materials, the craftsmanship, the decorative details, the interior spaces and features, and the site and environment as character-defining elements.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Character refers to all those visual aspects and physical features",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "National Park Service, Technical Preservation Services",
     "title": "Preservation Brief 17: Architectural Character - Identifying the Visual Aspects of Historic Buildings as an Aid to Preserving Their Character (Lee H. Nelson, FAIA)",
     "url": "https://www.nps.gov/orgs/1739/upload/preservation-brief-17-architectural-character.pdf",
     "published": "undated"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C29",
   "claim": "The Park Service's method for reading a building is three steps: look at it from a distance for its overall visual aspects, then at arm's length for its materials and craftsmanship, then inside for its spaces, features and finishes.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "examining the building from afar to understand its overall setting",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "National Park Service, Technical Preservation Services",
     "title": "Preservation Brief 17: Architectural Character - Identifying the Visual Aspects of Historic Buildings as an Aid to Preserving Their Character (Lee H. Nelson, FAIA)",
     "url": "https://www.nps.gov/orgs/1739/upload/preservation-brief-17-architectural-character.pdf",
     "published": "undated"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C30",
   "claim": "The Park Service's checklist for the first step asks seven questions in order, about the shape, the roof and roof features, the openings, the projections, the trim and secondary features, the materials and the setting, and it says deliberately that these broad categories tell a reader more about a building's character than an infinitely long list of its details would.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "5. Trim and Secondary Features",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "National Park Service, Technical Preservation Services",
     "title": "Preservation Brief 17: Architectural Character - Identifying the Visual Aspects of Historic Buildings as an Aid to Preserving Their Character (Lee H. Nelson, FAIA)",
     "url": "https://www.nps.gov/orgs/1739/upload/preservation-brief-17-architectural-character.pdf",
     "published": "undated"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C31",
   "claim": "The elements Ohio's current inventory form records for every building are the same ones the Park Service's method looks at: stories, window type, basement, door selection and position, foundation material, wall construction, roof type and material, bays, exterior wall plan shape, orientation, porch location, configuration, height and width, symmetry, chimney placement and condition.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Door Selection and Position",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio State Historic Preservation Office, Ohio History Connection",
     "title": "Guidelines for Conducting History/Architecture Surveys in Ohio, Revised 2014",
     "url": "https://www.ohiohistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/Guidelines-for-Conducting-History_Architecture-Surveys-in-Ohio-1.pdf",
     "published": "2014"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C32",
   "claim": "The current Ohio form asks how strongly a style is present as well as which style it is: each style entry is marked High, Dominant, Transitional, Element or None, a finer scale than the 1992 manual's two boxes for high style and elements, and building type stays a separate field beside it.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Architectural Style Classification(s) and Design(s)",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio State Historic Preservation Office, Ohio History Connection",
     "title": "Guidelines for Conducting History/Architecture Surveys in Ohio, Revised 2014",
     "url": "https://www.ohiohistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/Guidelines-for-Conducting-History_Architecture-Surveys-in-Ohio-1.pdf",
     "published": "2014"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio State Historic Preservation Office (Ohio Historic Preservation Office, Ohio Historical Society)",
     "title": "Stephen C. Gordon, How to Complete the Ohio Historic Inventory (Columbus: Ohio Historic Preservation Office, 1992)",
     "url": "https://www.ohiohistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/OHInventory_Manual_SHPO.pdf",
     "published": "1992"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C33",
   "claim": "The manual's visual glossary prints the window vocabulary a surveyor is expected to use, naming double-hung sash by their lights - one over one, two over two, four over four, six over six, nine over six and twelve over twelve - alongside triple-hung sash, mullion windows with a transom and Palladian windows.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Double Hung, 6/6 lights",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio State Historic Preservation Office (Ohio Historic Preservation Office, Ohio Historical Society)",
     "title": "Stephen C. Gordon, How to Complete the Ohio Historic Inventory (Columbus: Ohio Historic Preservation Office, 1992)",
     "url": "https://www.ohiohistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/OHInventory_Manual_SHPO.pdf",
     "published": "1992"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C34",
   "claim": "The same visual glossary prints the porch vocabulary: hood, stoop and hood, stylistic, recessed, wrap-around, balcony, arcaded, porte cochere, verandah and porch with pediment.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Porch Configurations",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio State Historic Preservation Office (Ohio Historic Preservation Office, Ohio Historical Society)",
     "title": "Stephen C. Gordon, How to Complete the Ohio Historic Inventory (Columbus: Ohio Historic Preservation Office, 1992)",
     "url": "https://www.ohiohistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/OHInventory_Manual_SHPO.pdf",
     "published": "1992"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C35",
   "claim": "The National Park Service says many styles of vertical sliding sash have come to be associated with specific building periods or architectural styles, and that the comparison should be made on a site-specific, regionally oriented basis rather than from a general rule.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "come to be associated with specific building periods or architectural styles",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "National Park Service, Technical Preservation Services",
     "title": "Preservation Brief 9: The Repair of Historic Wooden Windows (John H. Myers)",
     "url": "https://www.nps.gov/orgs/1739/upload/preservation-brief-09-wood-windows.pdf",
     "published": "undated"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C36",
   "claim": "The Park Service says the size, style, detailing and location of a porch can tell volumes about the age and use of a building, and it puts the end of the front porch's golden era at the middle of the twentieth century, saying housing styles popularized in the construction boom after the Second World War often omitted front porches altogether as backyard patios became the focus of private outdoor activities.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "often omitted front porches all together as backyard patios",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "National Park Service, Technical Preservation Services",
     "title": "Preservation Brief 45: Preserving Historic Wood Porches (Aleca Sullivan and John Leeke)",
     "url": "https://www.nps.gov/orgs/1739/upload/preservation-brief-45-wood-porches.pdf",
     "published": "undated"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C37",
   "claim": "Ohio Modern, the statewide historic context the Ohio Historic Preservation Office commissioned for the years 1940 to 1970 and published in 2010, calls the Cape Cod the first recent past housing type to be seen in large numbers and describes the 1940s version as typically one or one-and-one-half stories of about 800 square feet holding a living room, kitchen, bathroom and two bedrooms.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "Typically one or one-and-one-half stories and encompassing about 800 square feet",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio Historic Preservation Office, Ohio Historical Society (prepared by Gray and Pape, Inc.)",
     "title": "Ohio Modern: Preserving Our Recent Past - Statewide Historic Context, Chapter 4, Design Trends in Ohio, 1940-1970",
     "url": "https://www.ohiohistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/rp-17-4.pdf",
     "published": "2010-09-07"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio Historic Preservation Office, Ohio Historical Society (prepared by Gray and Pape, Inc.)",
     "title": "Ohio Modern: Preserving Our Recent Past - Statewide Historic Context, Introduction (title page and project data)",
     "url": "https://www.ohiohistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/rp-17-1.pdf",
     "published": "2010-09-07"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C38",
   "claim": "Ohio Modern says the ranch house originated in California in the 1930s and became the housing type of choice throughout Ohio's suburbs during the 1950s and 1960s.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "became the housing type of choice throughout Ohio's suburbs during the 1950s",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio Historic Preservation Office, Ohio Historical Society (prepared by Gray and Pape, Inc.)",
     "title": "Ohio Modern: Preserving Our Recent Past - Statewide Historic Context, Chapter 4, Design Trends in Ohio, 1940-1970",
     "url": "https://www.ohiohistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/rp-17-4.pdf",
     "published": "2010-09-07"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C39",
   "claim": "Ohio Modern's typical 1950s and 1960s ranch has a low-pitched hipped or side-gabled roof with a moderate eave overhang and an asymmetrical plan, a front porch often no more than a concrete stoop, a large picture window frequently off-center, and narrower ribbon windows with sliding sash.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "large picture windows are frequently off-centered",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio Historic Preservation Office, Ohio Historical Society (prepared by Gray and Pape, Inc.)",
     "title": "Ohio Modern: Preserving Our Recent Past - Statewide Historic Context, Chapter 4, Design Trends in Ohio, 1940-1970",
     "url": "https://www.ohiohistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/rp-17-4.pdf",
     "published": "2010-09-07"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C40",
   "claim": "Ohio Modern records the move that makes a postwar house hard to read from the street: by the late 1940s the basic Cape Cod had been modified to a more ranch-like appearance while the interior floor plan was left unchanged, with an asymmetrical front, contrasting siding on the lower and upper walls, and horizontal sash placed just beneath the eaves.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "modified to a more ranch-like appearance while leaving the interior floor plan unchanged",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio Historic Preservation Office, Ohio Historical Society (prepared by Gray and Pape, Inc.)",
     "title": "Ohio Modern: Preserving Our Recent Past - Statewide Historic Context, Chapter 4, Design Trends in Ohio, 1940-1970",
     "url": "https://www.ohiohistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/rp-17-4.pdf",
     "published": "2010-09-07"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C41",
   "claim": "National Register Bulletin 46 gives that change a name and a date: by late 1949 Levitt and Sons had modified the Cape Cod into a ranch-like house called The Forty-Niner, leaving the floor plan intact and adding an asymmetrical facade, shingles on the lower half of the front and horizontal sliding windows just below the eaves.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "modified the Cape Cod into a Ranch-like house",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "National Park Service",
     "title": "National Register Bulletin 46, Historic Residential Suburbs: Guidelines for Evaluation and Documentation for the National Register of Historic Places (David L. Ames and Linda Flint McClelland), part 1",
     "url": "https://www.nps.gov/subjects/nationalregister/upload/NRB46_Suburbs_part1_508.pdf",
     "published": "2002"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C42",
   "claim": "Ohio Modern says the split-level was an adaptation of the ranch that gave more privacy by placing bedrooms on an upper level a half-story above the main living and kitchen area and directly above an all-purpose room on a lower level, with the garage and family room typically on that lower level.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "placing bedrooms on an upper level a half-story above the main living/kitchen area",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio Historic Preservation Office, Ohio Historical Society (prepared by Gray and Pape, Inc.)",
     "title": "Ohio Modern: Preserving Our Recent Past - Statewide Historic Context, Chapter 4, Design Trends in Ohio, 1940-1970",
     "url": "https://www.ohiohistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/rp-17-4.pdf",
     "published": "2010-09-07"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C43",
   "claim": "Ohio Modern names the bi-level and says where it came from: the popularity of the split-level led to a type whose entryway on the front is centered between stories, so the front door opens onto a landing halfway between floors, and it says this type was also known as a split-foyer.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "This type also was known as a split-foyer",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio Historic Preservation Office, Ohio Historical Society (prepared by Gray and Pape, Inc.)",
     "title": "Ohio Modern: Preserving Our Recent Past - Statewide Historic Context, Chapter 4, Design Trends in Ohio, 1940-1970",
     "url": "https://www.ohiohistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/rp-17-4.pdf",
     "published": "2010-09-07"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C44",
   "claim": "Every dwelling record in the Franklin County Auditor's published appraisal extract carries a style, written as a two-digit code followed by a word, for example 05 - RANCH.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "05 - RANCH",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Franklin County Auditor's Office",
     "title": "Appraisal Outside User Files, 2026-08-15 appraisal snapshot, Dwelling.txt (STYLE field)",
     "url": "https://apps.franklincountyauditor.com/Outside_User_Files/2026/2026-08-15%20Appraisal/Tab-Delimited.zip",
     "published": "2026-08-15"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C45",
   "claim": "The twenty-one style words the Franklin County Auditor's 2026-08-15 appraisal extract actually uses are CONVENTIONAL, BI-LEVEL, MULTI-LEVEL, RANCH, TOWNHOUSE/ROWHOUSE, OLD STYLE, BUNGALOW, COLONIAL, CAPE COD, MODERN, CONDOMINIUM, DUPLEX, TRIPLEX, OTHER/CONVERSION, CONTEMPORARY, LOG, TUDOR, MOBILE HOME SINGLE, MOBILE HOME DOUBLE, CABIN/COTTAGE and ARCHITECTURAL.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "01 - CONVENTIONAL",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Franklin County Auditor's Office",
     "title": "Appraisal Outside User Files, 2026-08-15 appraisal snapshot, Dwelling.txt (STYLE field)",
     "url": "https://apps.franklincountyauditor.com/Outside_User_Files/2026/2026-08-15%20Appraisal/Tab-Delimited.zip",
     "published": "2026-08-15"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C46",
   "claim": "The Franklin County Auditor's published field documentation names the style field but never says what its words mean: the parcel file description lists HEIGHT as Style of dwelling and gives no values, while it enumerates every value of the condition, property type and wall codes printed beside it; the Auditor's Glossary of Terms is a property tax glossary and its building code sheet is a list of outbuilding and yard abbreviations.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "HEIGHT Style of dwelling",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Franklin County Auditor's Office",
     "title": "Parcel CSV - Description of Fields",
     "url": "https://auditor.franklincountyohio.gov/files/assets/auditor/v/1/documents/parcel-csv-description-of-fields.pdf",
     "published": "undated"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "Franklin County Auditor's Office, Real Estate Division",
     "title": "Glossary of Terms",
     "url": "https://auditor.franklincountyohio.gov/files/assets/auditor/v/1/documents/real-estate/reference-documents/glossary.pdf",
     "published": "undated"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "Franklin County Auditor's Office, Appraisal Department",
     "title": "Outbuildings and Yard Abbreviations (bldg_codes.pdf)",
     "url": "https://auditor.franklincountyohio.gov/files/assets/auditor/v/1/documents/real-estate/reference-documents/bldg_codes.pdf",
     "published": "undated"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "Franklin County Auditor's Office",
     "title": "Appraisal Outside User Files - label names workbook (APPRAISAL sheet, Dwelling table column list)",
     "url": "https://apps.franklincountyauditor.com/Outside_User_Files/Appraisal%20Outside%20User%20File%20Label%20Names.xlsx",
     "published": "undated"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C47",
   "claim": "The county's style words and the state inventory's do not line up: the auditor's CONVENTIONAL, OLD STYLE, MULTI-LEVEL, BI-LEVEL, MODERN, CONTEMPORARY and ARCHITECTURAL appear on neither Ohio Historic Inventory list, and the inventory's American Foursquare, I House, Gabled Ell and Upright and Wing have no county equivalent.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "07 - OLD STYLE",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Franklin County Auditor's Office",
     "title": "Appraisal Outside User Files, 2026-08-15 appraisal snapshot, Dwelling.txt (STYLE field)",
     "url": "https://apps.franklincountyauditor.com/Outside_User_Files/2026/2026-08-15%20Appraisal/Tab-Delimited.zip",
     "published": "2026-08-15"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio State Historic Preservation Office (Ohio Historic Preservation Office, Ohio Historical Society)",
     "title": "Stephen C. Gordon, How to Complete the Ohio Historic Inventory (Columbus: Ohio Historic Preservation Office, 1992)",
     "url": "https://www.ohiohistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/OHInventory_Manual_SHPO.pdf",
     "published": "1992"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C48",
   "claim": "The style on a Franklin County Auditor parcel record is a code the county assigns for its own appraisal record, not a finding of an architectural survey, and the county publishes no definition of the words it uses.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "HEIGHT Style of dwelling",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Franklin County Auditor's Office",
     "title": "Appraisal Outside User Files, 2026-08-15 appraisal snapshot, Dwelling.txt (STYLE field)",
     "url": "https://apps.franklincountyauditor.com/Outside_User_Files/2026/2026-08-15%20Appraisal/Tab-Delimited.zip",
     "published": "2026-08-15"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "Franklin County Auditor's Office",
     "title": "Parcel CSV - Description of Fields",
     "url": "https://auditor.franklincountyohio.gov/files/assets/auditor/v/1/documents/parcel-csv-description-of-fields.pdf",
     "published": "undated"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "Franklin County Auditor's Office, Real Estate Division",
     "title": "Glossary of Terms",
     "url": "https://auditor.franklincountyohio.gov/files/assets/auditor/v/1/documents/real-estate/reference-documents/glossary.pdf",
     "published": "undated"
    },
    {
     "publisher": "Franklin County Auditor's Office",
     "title": "Appraisal Outside User Files - label names workbook (APPRAISAL sheet, Dwelling table column list)",
     "url": "https://apps.franklincountyauditor.com/Outside_User_Files/Appraisal%20Outside%20User%20File%20Label%20Names.xlsx",
     "published": "undated"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C49",
   "claim": "The Franklin County Auditor's nightly parcel file records year built as any calendar year from 1920 to the present and prints the word OLD for buildings remodeled before 1920, so in that file a very old house can reach a reader carrying no year at all.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "\"OLD\" for buildings remodeled before 1920",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Franklin County Auditor's Office",
     "title": "Parcel CSV - Description of Fields",
     "url": "https://auditor.franklincountyohio.gov/files/assets/auditor/v/1/documents/parcel-csv-description-of-fields.pdf",
     "published": "undated"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C50",
   "claim": "Houses in Columbus have been photographed and documented by the federal Historic American Buildings Survey, and the Library of Congress publishes those records with the statement that there are no known restrictions on images made by the U.S. Government.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "No known restrictions on images made by the U.S. Government",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division",
     "title": "Historic American Buildings Survey item record, 1092 Franklin Avenue (House), Columbus, Franklin County, OH (HABS OH-679), with rights statement",
     "url": "https://www.loc.gov/item/oh0392/",
     "published": "undated"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C51",
   "claim": "The Ohio Historic Preservation Office's Ohio Modern report records where the bathroom was in one Columbus Cape Cod development: it says each home in the Hanford Village houses of the mid-1940s included five finished rooms on the first floor, a living room, a dinette and kitchen, a bathroom and two bedrooms, with unfinished space above that could be converted to bedrooms later.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "each home included five finished rooms on the first floor",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "Ohio Historic Preservation Office, Ohio Historical Society (prepared by Gray and Pape, Inc.)",
     "title": "Ohio Modern: Preserving Our Recent Past - Statewide Historic Context, Chapter 3, Historic Context",
     "url": "https://www.ohiohistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/rp-17-3.pdf",
     "published": "2010-09-07"
    }
   ]
  },
  {
   "id": "C52",
   "claim": "National Register Bulletin 46 describes the plan of the 1936 Federal Housing Administration design the building industry came to call the FHA minimum house: a one-story, two-bedroom house of 534 square feet with a small kitchen and a larger multipurpose living room across the front, and two bedrooms and a bathroom off a small hallway at the back.",
   "status": "single",
   "quote": "off a small hallway at the back of the house",
   "sources": [
    {
     "publisher": "National Park Service",
     "title": "National Register Bulletin 46, Historic Residential Suburbs: Guidelines for Evaluation and Documentation for the National Register of Historic Places (David L. Ames and Linda Flint McClelland), part 1",
     "url": "https://www.nps.gov/subjects/nationalregister/upload/NRB46_Suburbs_part1_508.pdf",
     "published": "2002"
    }
   ]
  }
 ],
 "conflicts": [
  {
   "claim_id": "C12",
   "a": "Bungalow, a style, ca. 1910-1935",
   "a_source": "S1, page 108, Section Four, Identifying Ohio Architectural Styles",
   "b": "Bungalow, a house type, ca. 1905-1930",
   "b_source": "S1, page 138, Section Five, Identifying Ohio Historic Building Types",
   "printed": "print both, and say why - the state's own manual carries the word on both of its lists with two different date ranges, which is exactly the style-versus-type distinction this page is about. Do not average them and do not pick one."
  },
  {
   "claim_id": "C20",
   "a": "Cape Cod Cottage, a house type, ca. 1925-1950 (Ohio)",
   "a_source": "S1, page 140",
   "b": "The Cape Cod as the first recent past housing type seen in large numbers, treated from 1940 (Ohio)",
   "b_source": "S7, section 4.3.1.1",
   "printed": "print both with their publishers named. They do not contradict each other so much as start in different places, the 1992 manual from the type's revival in the 1920s and the 2010 context from the postwar boom. The overlap, 1940 to 1950, is where most Central Ohio Cape Cods sit."
  },
  {
   "claim_id": "C45",
   "a": "Twenty-one style words in use, numbered 01 to 03 and 05 to 22",
   "a_source": "S10, the data file itself",
   "b": "No published list of style values at all",
   "b_source": "S11, S12, S13, the Auditor's own documentation",
   "printed": "print A because it is measured, and say in the same sentence that the county publishes no definition of the words. The absence is the finding."
  }
 ],
 "sources": [
  {
   "id": "S1",
   "publisher": "Ohio State Historic Preservation Office (Ohio Historic Preservation Office, Ohio Historical Society)",
   "title": "Stephen C. Gordon, How to Complete the Ohio Historic Inventory (Columbus: Ohio Historic Preservation Office, 1992)",
   "url": "https://www.ohiohistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/04/OHInventory_Manual_SHPO.pdf",
   "published": "1992"
  },
  {
   "id": "S2",
   "publisher": "Ohio State Historic Preservation Office, Ohio History Connection",
   "title": "Guidelines for Conducting History/Architecture Surveys in Ohio, Revised 2014",
   "url": "https://www.ohiohistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/Guidelines-for-Conducting-History_Architecture-Surveys-in-Ohio-1.pdf",
   "published": "2014"
  },
  {
   "id": "S3",
   "publisher": "Ohio History Connection, State Historic Preservation Office",
   "title": "Ohio Historic Inventory - History/Architecture Survey and the Ohio Historic Inventory",
   "url": "https://www.ohiohistory.org/preserving-ohio/survey-inventory/ohio-historic-inventory/",
   "published": "undated"
  },
  {
   "id": "S4",
   "publisher": "National Park Service, Technical Preservation Services",
   "title": "Preservation Brief 17: Architectural Character - Identifying the Visual Aspects of Historic Buildings as an Aid to Preserving Their Character (Lee H. Nelson, FAIA)",
   "url": "https://www.nps.gov/orgs/1739/upload/preservation-brief-17-architectural-character.pdf",
   "published": "undated"
  },
  {
   "id": "S5",
   "publisher": "National Park Service, Technical Preservation Services",
   "title": "Preservation Brief 9: The Repair of Historic Wooden Windows (John H. Myers)",
   "url": "https://www.nps.gov/orgs/1739/upload/preservation-brief-09-wood-windows.pdf",
   "published": "undated"
  },
  {
   "id": "S6",
   "publisher": "National Park Service, Technical Preservation Services",
   "title": "Preservation Brief 45: Preserving Historic Wood Porches (Aleca Sullivan and John Leeke)",
   "url": "https://www.nps.gov/orgs/1739/upload/preservation-brief-45-wood-porches.pdf",
   "published": "undated"
  },
  {
   "id": "S7",
   "publisher": "Ohio Historic Preservation Office, Ohio Historical Society (prepared by Gray and Pape, Inc.)",
   "title": "Ohio Modern: Preserving Our Recent Past - Statewide Historic Context, Chapter 4, Design Trends in Ohio, 1940-1970",
   "url": "https://www.ohiohistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/rp-17-4.pdf",
   "published": "2010-09-07"
  },
  {
   "id": "S8",
   "publisher": "Ohio Historic Preservation Office, Ohio Historical Society (prepared by Gray and Pape, Inc.)",
   "title": "Ohio Modern: Preserving Our Recent Past - Statewide Historic Context, Introduction (title page and project data)",
   "url": "https://www.ohiohistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/rp-17-1.pdf",
   "published": "2010-09-07"
  },
  {
   "id": "S9",
   "publisher": "National Park Service",
   "title": "National Register Bulletin 46, Historic Residential Suburbs: Guidelines for Evaluation and Documentation for the National Register of Historic Places (David L. Ames and Linda Flint McClelland), part 1",
   "url": "https://www.nps.gov/subjects/nationalregister/upload/NRB46_Suburbs_part1_508.pdf",
   "published": "2002"
  },
  {
   "id": "S10",
   "publisher": "Franklin County Auditor's Office",
   "title": "Appraisal Outside User Files, 2026-08-15 appraisal snapshot, Dwelling.txt (STYLE field)",
   "url": "https://apps.franklincountyauditor.com/Outside_User_Files/2026/2026-08-15%20Appraisal/Tab-Delimited.zip",
   "published": "2026-08-15"
  },
  {
   "id": "S11",
   "publisher": "Franklin County Auditor's Office",
   "title": "Parcel CSV - Description of Fields",
   "url": "https://auditor.franklincountyohio.gov/files/assets/auditor/v/1/documents/parcel-csv-description-of-fields.pdf",
   "published": "undated"
  },
  {
   "id": "S12",
   "publisher": "Franklin County Auditor's Office, Real Estate Division",
   "title": "Glossary of Terms",
   "url": "https://auditor.franklincountyohio.gov/files/assets/auditor/v/1/documents/real-estate/reference-documents/glossary.pdf",
   "published": "undated"
  },
  {
   "id": "S13",
   "publisher": "Franklin County Auditor's Office, Appraisal Department",
   "title": "Outbuildings and Yard Abbreviations (bldg_codes.pdf)",
   "url": "https://auditor.franklincountyohio.gov/files/assets/auditor/v/1/documents/real-estate/reference-documents/bldg_codes.pdf",
   "published": "undated"
  },
  {
   "id": "S14",
   "publisher": "Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division",
   "title": "Historic American Buildings Survey item record, 1092 Franklin Avenue (House), Columbus, Franklin County, OH (HABS OH-679), with rights statement",
   "url": "https://www.loc.gov/item/oh0392/",
   "published": "undated"
  },
  {
   "id": "S15",
   "publisher": "Ohio Historic Preservation Office, Ohio Historical Society (prepared by Gray and Pape, Inc.)",
   "title": "Ohio Modern: Preserving Our Recent Past - Statewide Historic Context, Chapter 3, Historic Context",
   "url": "https://www.ohiohistory.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/rp-17-3.pdf",
   "published": "2010-09-07"
  },
  {
   "id": "S16",
   "publisher": "Franklin County Auditor's Office",
   "title": "Appraisal Outside User Files - label names workbook (APPRAISAL sheet, Dwelling table column list)",
   "url": "https://apps.franklincountyauditor.com/Outside_User_Files/Appraisal%20Outside%20User%20File%20Label%20Names.xlsx",
   "published": "undated"
  }
 ]
}