Union, Madison and Pickaway County houses, by the numbers

The houses of Union, Madison and Pickaway counties are three separate stocks rather than one: in the Census Bureau's 2020 to 2024 survey the median year built is 1996 in Union County, 1978 in Pickaway County and 1976 in Madison County. This page sets out what the Bureau has counted in the three counties since 1940, what its survey estimates now, how the state's table ranks their growth and what each county auditor's record holds, with the table, the year and the universe named in every sentence. It carries no prices and describes no single house.

Last updated September 2026 · The Census Bureau's decennial volumes, its 2020 to 2024 American Community Survey tables and its Building Permits Survey files, the Ohio Department of Development's 2025 county profiles and county indicators, the Ohio Board of Building Standards' certification list and the three county auditors' own parcel records as downloaded on September 7 and 8, 2026 were read September 2026 · No prices on this page; the Estimate Builder carries those · Part of the knowledge base

What this page counts, and what it does not

The Ohio Department of Development's 2025 county profiles record Madison County and Pickaway County as established by act on March 1, 1810 and Union County by act on April 1, 1820, with their seats at London, Circleville and Marysville. The same profiles give Pickaway County 502.2 square miles of land area, Madison County 465.2 and Union County 436.7. The Census Bureau's population estimates for July 1, 2025 are 62,978, 46,985 and 73,446, which are estimates and not counts.

Four record keepers stand behind the figures below: the Census Bureau, the Ohio Department of Development's Office of Research, the Ohio Board of Building Standards and the three county auditors. Every number below names its publisher, because none has a second.

A decennial census count is complete and carries no margin of error; an American Community Survey five-year estimate is an average across five years and carries a margin on every line. The two are never mixed here. The Bureau counted 23,141 housing units in Union County in the 2020 census and estimates 25,158 for 2020 to 2024, plus or minus 72.

Three counties, 1940 to 2020

The Census Bureau counted 5,938 housing units in Union County in the 1940 census and 23,141 in 2020, 3.9 times as many; 7,177 in Pickaway County and 22,372, 3.1 times as many; and 5,660 in Madison County and 16,216, 2.9 times as many. Those are decennial counts, universe housing units, from the Bureau's 1990 volume for Ohio, table 3, and its 2020 census redistricting file.

Population moved on a different multiple. The Census Bureau counted 20,012 people in Union County in 1940 and 62,784 in 2020, 21,811 in Madison County and 43,824, and 27,889 in Pickaway County and 58,539, multiples of 3.1, 2.0 and 2.1 against those housing unit multiples of 3.9, 2.9 and 3.1. Those are decennial counts on the universe of total population, from the same two documents.

The decade shape differs county by county. Union County gained housing in every decade the Bureau counted from 1940 on, and its largest single decade addition was 4,212 housing units between 2000 and 2010. Decade by decade that record reads 497 housing units added between 1940 and 1950, then 852, 727, 2,605, 980, 3,618, the 4,212 and 3,712, its fastest growth by share being the 32.5 percent of 1970 to 1980.

Madison County's slowest decade on that record is its most recent one: 277 housing units between the 2010 and 2020 censuses, an increase of 1.7 percent, against 2,658 between 1970 and 1980. Its earlier decades added 503 housing units, then 1,355, 1,185, the 2,658, 1,260, 1,778 and 1,540, and its population rose by 389 people, or 0.9 percent, over that last decade.

Pickaway County added between 609 and 3,227 housing units in every decade the Bureau counted from 1940 on, and the largest of those additions fell between 1970 and 1980: 609 housing units, then 2,343, 1,776, the 3,227, 1,253, 2,211, 2,679 and 1,097.

One Pickaway County figure is printed twice by its own publisher. The Bureau's 1990 volume gives that county 48,255 people and 16,385 housing units at the 1990 census, and its 2010 volume reprints the same census as 48,244 and 16,381; the figures used here are the 1990 volume's.

The state's own growth table

In Ohio County Indicators, table 1, from the Ohio Department of Development's Office of Research, Union County ranks first among Ohio's 88 counties for percent change in population between 2020 and 2024, at 14.2 percent, with Pickaway County third at 6.2 percent and Madison County sixth at 3.8 percent. For 2010 to 2020 the same table puts Union County second, at 20.1 percent, behind Delaware County's 22.9 percent. Those ranks are that table's own, of population and not of housing, and the leader changes with the period; the Bureau publishes no such ranking.

One caution goes with that table: its own note says many 2020 figures have been revised, and its 2020 and 2000 columns both differ from the Census Bureau's counts for these three counties, while the same office's county profiles print the Bureau's counts instead.

Those profiles carry a second trap: they print American Community Survey housing figures without naming the survey's vintage anywhere in the document, and the 2025 edition's are the Bureau's 2019 to 2023 five-year estimates. Its Union County year-built block sums to 24,298 housing units where the 2020 to 2024 file reads 25,158, Madison County's to 16,361 against 16,519 and Pickaway County's to 22,591 against 22,981, so a share from a profile and a share from the newest survey are not comparable.

When the houses were built

In the Census Bureau's table B25035, Median Year Structure Built, at the 2020 to 2024 American Community Survey five-year vintage, universe housing units, the median year built is 1996 in Union County, 1978 in Pickaway County and 1976 in Madison County, against 1970 for Ohio, the three county figures each carrying a margin of plus or minus two years. The distribution behind it is table B25034, Year Structure Built, at the same vintage and universe, where a year built is when the building was first constructed, not when it was remodeled.

The newer end of that table separates them again: 10,981 of Union County's 25,158 housing units, about 44 percent, sit in the lines built 2000 or later, against 5,871 of Pickaway County's 22,981, about 26 percent, and 3,221 of Madison County's 16,519, about 20 percent.

The 1990 census found the three closer together. In the Census Bureau's 1990 detailed housing volume for Ohio, table 66, universe all housing units and estimates based on a sample, the median year built was 1964 in Union County, 1963 in Madison County and 1964 in Pickaway County, and between a quarter and a third of each county's housing dated from 1939 or earlier: 3,554 of Union County's 11,599 housing units, 3,457 of Madison County's 12,621 and 4,186 of Pickaway County's 16,385, which are 30.6, 27.4 and 25.5 percent. A decennial median and a survey median measure two different stocks, and the 1990 shares and the 2020 to 2024 shares are two measurements of two different totals, not one series.

What the three county auditors count

Each county auditor keeps a record of its own, counting parcels the office classes as a single-family dwelling rather than housing units. The Union County and Madison County auditors each publish their whole record in bulk and free; the Pickaway County Auditor's own website does not, though the county's GIS department publishes the same parcels as a map layer with a free export, and only Union County's and Madison County's come with a document describing their fields.

Filtered to the six Ohio land-use codes for a one-family dwelling, 510 through 515, with a year built, the Union County Auditor's record as downloaded on September 7, 2026 holds 17,752 single-family houses, the Pickaway County Auditor's record read the same day 15,925, and the Madison County Auditor's record downloaded on September 8, 2026 holds 11,707. The count by decade built is the one measure the three define alike, because it rests on the state's land-use codes rather than on an office's own field; nothing else is set side by side.

In the Madison County Auditor's record as downloaded on September 8, 2026, 11,796 of the office's 24,567 parcels carry a one-family land-use code, 58 of those are retired, and only 31 of the remaining 11,738 carry no dwelling record at all, about a quarter of one percent; two of the six codes appear nowhere in it, and the office's own wording for every code it does use begins SINGLE FAMILY DWELLING. In the Union County Auditor's record 1,799 single-family parcels carry no dwelling record.

On that measure the Union County Auditor's record puts 15.83 percent of its single-family houses in the 1990s, 18.92 percent in the 2000s and 14.92 percent in a 2020s row that is not a full decade, and the Pickaway County Auditor's record 8.83 percent in the 1950s, 12.35 percent in the 1970s and 14.17 percent in the 2000s.

Two rows of the table below are not decades of building. Union County's and Pickaway County's 1900s rows are mostly the single year 1900, the year each office falls back on when it does not know, and Madison County's 1930s row is mostly 1930, that office's own fallback. The 2020s row is a partial decade in all three records and not the same one: six years in Union County's and Pickaway County's, five in Madison County's.

One row of that table is worth naming on its own: in the Madison County Auditor's record as downloaded on September 8, 2026 the five years from 2020 to 2024 hold 636 single-family houses against 648 for the whole of the 2010s, five years against ten, and nothing that office publishes explains the shape.

The rows that are not a decade

Each office falls back on a round year when it does not know when a house was built, and not the same year. In the Union County Auditor's record 1,954 of the 2,017 single-family houses in the 1900s row carry exactly 1900, and in the Pickaway County Auditor's record 2,223 of 2,283. The Madison County Auditor's record falls back on 1930: 1,667 of its 11,707 single-family houses carry that year, 94.2 percent of its 1930s row. No office states a convention, so the caution names county and year.

What else each office records

The Union County Auditor's own field-definitions document describes some fields and leaves others at a name. It defines a fireplace count as the number of fireplaces, and 53.99 percent of the county's single-family houses carry at least one: 25.94 percent of those the record shows as built before 1900, 39.57 percent of those built in the 1950s, 56.19 percent of those built in the 1990s and 57.83 percent of its 2020s row. It leaves the two bath fields and the living area at a name, and gives each of the eleven heating and cooling flags and each of the seven exterior construction flags the same description and no other: 1 = True, 0 = False.

The Madison County Auditor's file layout describes all 1,176 of its fields. It records a dwelling type, of which the most common on that county's single-family houses is the one the office writes as F1-FRAME ONE STY, on 48.21 percent of them, with 62.31 percent recorded at one story. It records a plumbing type, on which 99.80 percent carry the one it writes as 2-NORMAL, a figure about how uniform the field is rather than about what is in a house, because the office does not say what the word means. And it records a fireplace count split in two, openings and stacks, with at least one opening on 35.41 percent of those houses and 17.77 percent of its 2020s row; openings and stacks are not the single count Union County keeps, so the two counties' fireplace figures never sit in one sentence.

All three offices record a living area, and because none says what the measurement includes, the three medians print one county at a time. In the Union County Auditor's record as of September 7, 2026 the median living area of a single-family house is 1,951 square feet, and by decade built 1,728 before 1900, 1,302 in the 1950s, 1,767 in the 1990s and 2,811 in the 2020s row. In the Pickaway County Auditor's record as of the same day the median is 1,756.5 square feet, and by decade built 2,096 before 1900, 1,232.5 in the 1950s, 1,968 in the 1990s and 2,287.5 in the 2020s row. In the Madison County Auditor's record as downloaded on September 8, 2026 the median is 1,680 square feet, rising from 1,200 for the houses it records as built in the 1950s to 2,230 for those built since 2020.

The layer the Pickaway County GIS Department publishes from the Pickaway County Auditor's record is the thinnest of the three: a year built and a living area, no bath, heating, cooling, exterior construction or fireplace field at all, and nothing the GIS department or the Auditor publishes defining a single field in it.

Plumbing, on two universes and three definitions

Table B25047, Plumbing Facilities for All Housing Units, at the 2020 to 2024 five-year vintage, counts 233 housing units in Union County, 75 in Madison County and 411 in Pickaway County as lacking complete plumbing facilities, 0.9, 0.5 and 1.8 percent against 2.0 percent for Ohio, each county estimate carrying a margin of error a quarter or more of its own size. Table B25048, for occupied housing units only at the same vintage, gives 85, 9 and 42; the difference between the two totals is the vacant units, 926 in Union County, 833 in Madison County and 1,082 in Pickaway County.

The definition has moved twice, so three series exist and none belongs in a table with another. In the Bureau's 2024 subject definitions, complete plumbing facilities are hot and cold running water and a bathtub or shower, both inside the unit, and a flush toilet is not part of it. The 1990 census used a three-part definition that did include a flush toilet, and the 1980 census also required them to be for the occupants' exclusive use. Wells and septic systems have a page of their own.

Bathrooms, the last time anybody counted

The 1980 census is the last one that counted bathrooms by county. In the Census Bureau's 1980 detailed housing volume for Ohio, table 94, universe year-round housing units and sample estimates, 6,606 of Union County's 10,602 year-round housing units, about 62 percent, had exactly one complete bathroom; Madison County read 7,395 of 11,318, about 65 percent, at one; and Pickaway County 9,564 of 15,112, about 63 percent, at one and 643 at no bathroom or only a half bath.

Union County read 347 year-round housing units at no bathroom or only a half bath, 1,646 at one complete bathroom plus half baths and 2,003 at two or more, which sum with its 6,606 exactly to its printed total of 10,602. Madison County read 341 at no bathroom or only a half bath, 1,605 at one complete bathroom plus half baths and 1,977 at two or more, beside its 7,395 at one; Pickaway County read 643, 2,270 and 2,635 on the same three lines, beside its 9,564 at one.

The 1980 volume defines a complete bathroom as a room with a flush toilet, a bathtub or shower, and a wash basin with piped hot and cold water for the exclusive use of the occupants of the housing unit. Its universe is narrower than the same census's housing unit count as well: year-round housing units are all occupied units plus vacant units available or intended for year-round use, so Union County's 10,602 sits below the 10,619 the 1980 census counted, Madison County's 11,318 below 11,361 and Pickaway County's 15,112 below 15,132.

Not one of the three had reached one house in five with two or more complete bathrooms: 18.9 percent in Union County, 17.5 percent in Madison County and 17.4 percent in Pickaway County. The Ohio, Columbus and Franklin County lines from that table are on the bathrooms per house page, and the other three counties on the Delaware, Licking and Fairfield page.

Since 1980 the only bath counts are the auditors', and only one office says what it is counting. The Madison County Auditor's field layout defines a full-bath count as the number of full bath rooms in the dwelling, and in that record as downloaded on September 8, 2026, 56.03 percent of the county's single-family houses carry two or more full baths: 20.17 percent of the houses it records as built in the 1950s, 85.85 percent of those built in the 1990s, 97.25 percent of those built in the 2000s and 98.27 percent of those in its 2020s row. At least one half bath appears on 35.37 percent of them, and on 64.78 percent of that 2020s row. Those are the houses as the office has them in September 2026, not as they were built.

Union County's two bath fields are named and not described by its own field-definitions document, so they print here under the office's names. In that record as downloaded on September 7, 2026, 75.14 percent of the county's single-family houses carry two or more in the field the office calls Extra Full Bath, 27.98 percent of those built in the 1950s, 90.07 percent of those built in the 1990s and 99.02 percent of those in the 2020s row, and 55.09 percent of them carry one or more in the field it calls Extra Half Bath. Nothing published says what either field counts, so no figure from them sits beside Madison County's, and the Pickaway County Auditor's published record carries no bath field at all.

How the houses are heated

House heating fuel is table B25040, universe occupied housing units. At the 2020 to 2024 five-year vintage the Census Bureau puts utility gas at 53.0 percent of Union County's occupied homes, 51.6 percent of Madison County's and 50.1 percent of Pickaway County's, against 64.0 percent for Ohio. Bottled or tank gas heats 19.6 percent of Union County's, 17.1 percent of Pickaway County's and 15.3 percent of Madison County's, against 5.6 percent for Ohio, and electricity 22.7, 26.9 and 27.6 percent. The heating page holds the Franklin County and Columbus lines from the same table.

No auditor of the three publishes a heating fuel. The Madison County Auditor's own field layout names no furnace, boiler, heat pump, fuel or energy source among the 1,176 fields of its extract; what it carries is the share of each floor's area that is heated, above zero on 99.01 percent of the county's single-family houses, and the share that is cooled, above zero on at least one floor of 79.76 percent of them. That cooled share reaches 99.69 percent of the houses in the county's 2020s row, which is the office's file in September 2026 and not what any builder built.

The Pickaway County record carries no heating field at all, and Union County's record carries eleven heating and cooling flags rather than a fuel. They are the ones that office names No Heat, Ctrl Heat, HW/Steam, Electric, Heat Pump, Flr/Wall, Stve/Spce, Ctrl A/C, Std Heat, Geothermal and Outside, recorded on each floor level of a dwelling, and the one it calls Ctrl Heat is true on 97.59 percent of the county's single-family houses. Only two of the eleven name an energy source, and the record carries no furnace type and no equipment age, so none of them is a fuel.

How they are held, and what they are

At the 2020 to 2024 five-year vintage the Census Bureau's tenure table, B25003, universe occupied housing units, puts 79.2 percent of Union County's occupied homes, 77.5 percent of Madison County's and 74.0 percent of Pickaway County's in owner occupancy, against 67.2 percent for Ohio. Table B25024, Units in Structure, universe housing units, puts one-unit detached houses at 80.2, 80.1 and 78.6 percent in Madison, Union and Pickaway counties against 68.8 percent for Ohio, and counts 1,659 mobile homes in Pickaway County, 7.2 percent of its stock, against 701 in Madison County, 4.2 percent, and 953 in Union County, 3.8 percent. The same three counties' mobile home counts in the 2000 Census, and why a census count and a survey estimate do not share a column, are on the page on manufactured homes and trailer parks.

In table B25041, Bedrooms, at the same vintage and universe, 35.1 percent of Union County's housing units have four or more bedrooms, against 20.2 percent in Madison County and 19.5 percent in Pickaway County; in table B25017, Rooms, 22.6 percent of Union County's units have nine or more rooms, against 13.8 and 13.4 percent. A room in those tables is never a bathroom: the Bureau's definitions leave bathrooms out of the room count.

New houses authorized

The Census Bureau's Building Permits Survey counts a permit and not a house. The Bureau describes the file as building permit statistics on new privately-owned residential construction, covering the counties whose permit offices are requested to report; it does not name which offices those are. In the annual file for 2025, permit offices in Union County authorized 595 one-unit buildings, in Madison County 404 and in Pickaway County 401.

The survey publishes two sets, estimates with imputation and reported only. For 2025 all three counties read the same figure in both sets. A year earlier Pickaway's did not: of its 310 one-unit buildings for 2024 only 148 were reported by permit offices, while Union County's and Madison County's rows read the same figure in both sets. The page on how many houses Central Ohio built each year carries the year-by-year series through 2024.

Marysville, the seat of Union County, has never appeared as a separately listed Ohio place in the Bureau's Midwest region place annual files from 1980 to 2024, and the Bureau's 2024 footnote says the system it publishes as Union County Unincorporated Area also covers Marysville city and the villages of Magnetic Springs, Milford Center and Richwood.

Who enforces the residential code

Each of the three counties is certified as a residential building department. On the Ohio Board of Building Standards' Residential Building Department Certification List, whose pages are stamped August 16, 2023, Union County is entry 498 at Marysville, Madison County entry 399 at London and Pickaway County entry 451 at Circleville, and each entry names a plumbing arrangement: the Union County Health Department, Madison County Public Health, and in Pickaway County the county department by contract with the Pickaway County General Health District.

Union County's entry names Magnetic Springs, Marysville, Milford Center and Richwood as sub-departments, so the county seat appears there rather than as a department of its own; Pickaway County's names New Holland, Tarlton and Williamsport; Madison County's names none. The list does not say what a sub-department is, and names no county for any of them. The Census Bureau's geography file puts Williamsport village in Pickaway County and two of the others across a county line, New Holland village in Pickaway and Fayette counties and Tarlton village in Pickaway and Fairfield counties, which says where a village sits and not how far a county department's jurisdiction reaches.

Four municipalities hold a certification of their own on the same list: Circleville as entry 308 and Ashville as entry 275, both in Pickaway County by the Census Bureau's geography file, and London as entry 390 and West Jefferson as entry 518, both in Madison County, with Mount Sterling and Plain City named as West Jefferson's sub-departments, the same file putting Plain City village in Madison County and Union County. The list also carries a city of Union, entry 497, which that file places in Montgomery and Miami counties, not Union County's department. It says which departments were certified in 2023, not which reviewed any house; the page on which building code a Central Ohio house was built under holds the rest. What the Union, Madison and Pickaway county building departments say they enforce, beside each county's own record of township zoning, is on the page on township zoning and the county building code.

Where this touches a bathroom

The decade a house was built is the only thing in these tables that speaks to its bathrooms, and those records do not share a definition. The 1980 census counted complete bathrooms on a year-round universe and nobody has counted since, and of the three auditors only Madison County's office defines its bath count, which describes the houses as the office has them now rather than as they were built. The Central Ohio bathroom page holds Franklin County's auditor series.

What this page cannot say

Every auditor figure above comes from a valuation record, current as of whenever the office last reviewed the parcel, so it describes the house as the office has it in September 2026 and not as it was built. Nothing above says what equipment sits behind a heating or cooling entry, whether wiring, plumbing or insulation has ever been changed, or which code any one house was built under, because that depends on a permit this page does not have.

Sources

Every figure, date and quotation on this page comes from one of these documents, read on the date given. Where two of them disagree, the page says so.

• Ohio Department of Development, Office of Research, Ohio County Profiles, 2025 Edition: Union County, 2025; read September 2026.
• Ohio Department of Development, Office of Research, Ohio County Profiles, 2025 Edition: Madison County, 2025; read September 2026.
• Ohio Department of Development, Office of Research, Ohio County Profiles, 2025 Edition: Pickaway County, 2025; read September 2026.
• U.S. Census Bureau, 2020 Census Redistricting Data (P.L. 94-171) Summary File, Ohio, geographic header file, 2021; read September 2026.
• U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year estimates, table B25034 Year Structure Built (acsdt5y2024-b25034.dat), 2025; read September 2026.
• U.S. Census Bureau, 1990 Census of Population and Housing, Population and Housing Unit Counts, Ohio (1990 CPH-2-37), Table 3, Population and Housing Units: 1940 to 1990, undated; read September 2026.
• U.S. Census Bureau, 2010 Census, Population and Housing Unit Counts, Ohio (CPH-2-37), Table 4, Population and Housing Units: 1970 to 2010, August 2012; read September 2026.
• Ohio Department of Development, Office of Research, Ohio County Indicators, Table 1: Population Counts and Estimates, 2000-2024, May 2025, with Table 1 stamped March 2025; read September 2026.
• U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 2019-2023 five-year estimates, table B25034, Year Structure Built (acsdt5y2023-b25034.dat), 2024; read September 2026.
• U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year estimates, table B25035 Median Year Structure Built (acsdt5y2024-b25035.dat), 2025; read September 2026.
• U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey and Puerto Rico Community Survey 2024 Subject Definitions, 2024 vintage, released 2025; read September 2026.
• U.S. Census Bureau, 1990 Census of Housing, Detailed Housing Characteristics: Ohio (CH-2-37), Table 66, Structural Characteristics: 1990, undated; read September 2026.
• U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year table-based summary file, table shells (ACS20245YR_Table_Shells.txt), 2024 vintage, released 2025; read September 2026.
• U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year estimates, table B25047 Plumbing Facilities for All Housing Units (acsdt5y2024-b25047.dat), 2025; read September 2026.
• U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year estimates, table B25048 Plumbing Facilities for Occupied Housing Units (acsdt5y2024-b25048.dat), 2025; read September 2026.
• Ohio Laws and Administrative Rules (codes.ohio.gov), Ohio Administrative Code, rule 5703-25-10, Classification of real property, undated; read September 2026.
• Union County Auditor, ARC third-party extract: Dwellings, Dwelling Floors, Parcels, Code Sets and Extract Control, from the county GIS Enterprise Data Portal, September 4, 2026; read September 2026.
• Union County Auditor, ARC Extract File Definitions, Version 4.6, third-party edition (published as Real Estate Files Definitions), February 11, 2019; read September 2026.
• Pickaway County GIS Department, Auditor Parcels Information: the parcel_joined feature service and its open data dataset page, read September 7, 2026; read September 2026.
• Madison County Auditor, Public records extract: 48 CAMA tables in XML with the office's own File Layout workbook, from the Data Downloads section of the County Auditor's website, September 6, 2026; read September 2026.
• U.S. Census Bureau, 1980 Census of Housing, Volume 1, Chapter B, Detailed Housing Characteristics: Ohio (HC80-1-B37), Table 94, Equipment and Plumbing Facilities for Counties: 1980, July 1983; read September 2026.
• U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year estimates, table B25040 House Heating Fuel (acsdt5y2024-b25040.dat), 2025; read September 2026.
• U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year estimates, table B25003 Tenure (acsdt5y2024-b25003.dat), 2025; read September 2026.
• U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year estimates, table B25024 Units in Structure (acsdt5y2024-b25024.dat), 2025; read September 2026.
• U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year estimates, table B25041 Bedrooms (acsdt5y2024-b25041.dat), 2025; read September 2026.
• U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year estimates, table B25017 Rooms (acsdt5y2024-b25017.dat), 2025; read September 2026.
• U.S. Census Bureau, Residential Building Permits Survey Documentation: County ASCII Files, February 9, 2022; read September 2026.
• U.S. Census Bureau, county population estimates, vintage 2025, March 2026, county rows for Pickaway, Madison and Union; read September 25, 2026.
• U.S. Census Bureau, Building Permits Survey, county annual data files for 2025 and 2024 (co2025a.txt, co2024a.txt), May 14, 2026; read September 24, 2026.
• U.S. Census Bureau, Building Permits Survey, Midwest region place annual data files 1980 to 2024 (mw1980a.txt to mw2024a.txt), 1981 to 2025; read September 2026.
• U.S. Census Bureau, Building Permits Survey place explanatory footnotes for 2024 (footnote2024.xls), 2025; read September 2026.
• Ohio Board of Building Standards, Ohio Department of Commerce, Residential Building Department Certification List, pages stamped August 16, 2023; read September 2026.
• U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 2020-2024 five-year table-based summary file, geography file (Geos20245YR.txt), 2024 vintage, released 2025; read September 2026.

Common questions